Impahla yamanzi nokutya zesiqhwithi¶
I-hurricane, i-typhoon kunye ne-tropical cyclone zisisiqhwithi esinye, kuphela amagama awohlukileyo kuwandle ngawandle. Konke okukule sikhokelo kusebenza kuzo zonke.
Amanani eziqhuba-ngqondo ahlukile kwelizwe nelizwe. Amanani, amaziko kunye nenkqubo zoncedo zahlukile kwilizwe ngalinye. Iphepha lakho lendawo linamanani eziqhuba-ngqondo, iofisi yeentlekele, kunye nolwazi lwendawo yokuhlala kwindawo okuyo. Fumana iphepha lakho lendawo.
Eli phepha likunceda ubale ukuba amanzi nokutya kwesiqhwithi ongakugcina kungakanani, indlela yokukugcina kukhuselekile ebushushwini, kunye nendlela yokwenza amanzi anethandabuzo akhuselekile ukusela. Lisebenza kwi-typhoon okanye i-cyclone nako, naphi na apho umbhobho kunye neevenkile zinganomisa iveki okanye ngaphezulu.
Ukuba wenza izinto ezintathu kuphela¶
- Gcina amalitha 4 (igaloni 1) yamanzi ngomntu ngamnye ngosuku ubuncinci iintsuku 7, nokuphindaphindwa kabini kwimozulu eshushu.
- Hlala ngokutya kweentsuku 7 onganokutya ngqo etinikini okanye epakethe, kunye nesivulo setiniki sesandla.
- Gcina ibhotile yebleach engenavumba kunye nekhethe lamathontsi, kananjalo ufunde amanyathelo okubilisa nokunyanga ngebleach angezantsi.
Amanzi amaninzi ekufuneka uwagcine¶
Ceba ngamalitha 4 (igaloni 1) ngomntu ngamnye ngosuku. Oko kugubungela ukusela, ukupheka, kunye nokuhlamba okusisiseko. I-CDC yaseMelika kunye ne-Ready.gov (eMelika) zombini zisebenzisa eli nani njengesiqalo. Isebe lakho lesizwe longxamiseko okanye igunya lempilo linganomisela elahlukileyo, ngoko jonga ikhasi lakho lendawo.
Imozulu eshushu, ukugula, kunye nomsebenzi womzimba konke kunyusa iimfuno zakho. Abantwana, oomama abonyisayo, abafazi abakhulelweyo, kunye nabani na ogulayo banganokufuna ngaphezulu kwenani elisisiseko kunayiphi na imozulu.
Iikholam zemozulu eshushu ezingezantsi ziphindaphinda inani elisisiseko kabini. Oko sisigqibo sokuceba, hayi umthetho osemthethweni. Ukuba uhlala kwiitropiki, gcina ngaphezulu komlinganiselo osezantsi.
| Ikhaya | Iintsuku 7, imozulu eqhelekileyo | Iintsuku 7, imozulu eshushu | Iintsuku 14, imozulu eqhelekileyo | Iintsuku 14, imozulu eshushu |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Umntu 1 | Amalitha 28 (iigaloni 7) | Amalitha 56 (iigaloni 14) | Amalitha 56 (iigaloni 14) | Amalitha 112 (iigaloni 28) |
| Abantu 2 | Amalitha 56 (iigaloni 14) | Amalitha 112 (iigaloni 28) | Amalitha 112 (iigaloni 28) | Amalitha 224 (iigaloni 56) |
| Abantu 4 | Amalitha 112 (iigaloni 28) | Amalitha 224 (iigaloni 56) | Amalitha 224 (iigaloni 56) | Amalitha 448 (iigaloni 112) |
| Abantu 6 | Amalitha 168 (iigaloni 42) | Amalitha 336 (iigaloni 84) | Amalitha 336 (iigaloni 84) | Amalitha 672 (iigaloni 168) |
Intsapho yabantu bane kwimozulu eshushu, iceba iintsuku 14, idinga amalitha 448 (iigaloni 112). Ukuba awunakugcina isixa esingako, qala ngeentsuku 7 kananjalo wakhe ngeveki ezizayo. Ijugi enye yamalitha 19 (iigaloni 5) igubungela umntu omnye malunga neentsuku 5 kwisixa esisisiseko, okanye malunga neentsuku 2 ½ kwimozulu eshushu.
Yongeza amanzi ezilwanyana ngaphezu koku. Ikhithi yongxamiseko yesilwanyana inemilinganiselo yazo.
Sela oko ukudingayo
Musa kulinganisela amanzi okusela ngaphandle kokuba amagosa akuxelele ukwenza oko. Sela oko ukudingayo namhlanje kananjalo ugcine okuseleyo kusasa. Ukuhlala upholile kunye nokuphumla kuyehlisa isixa samanzi umzimba wakho awadingayo.
Ukukhetha izitya¶
Amanzi asebhotileni yeyona nketho ilula. Agcine evaliweyo kwipaki yawo kananjalo uwasebenzise ngomhla obhalwe kuwo.
Ukuba uzalisa ezakho, sebenzisa izitya zomgangatho wokutya ezinezivalo ezibambeleleyo. Iibhotile ezicocekileyo zesoda okanye zamanzi zisebenza, kananjalo zisebenza iijugi zamanzi kunye nama-jerrycan athengiselwa amanzi okusela. Musa kusebenzisa iibhotile zobisi okanye zejuzi, ezinzima ukucoca, okanye nantoni na ekhe iphatha iikhemikhali, ibleach, okanye ifuel.
Cinga ngobunzima. Amanzi anobunzima obumalunga ne1 kilogram ngelitha (iiponti 8 ngegaloni), ngoko isitya samalitha 20 (iigaloni 5) sinobunzima obumalunga ne20 kilogram (iiponti 44). Izitya ezincinane zilula ukuthwala zinyuke izitebhisi, zabelwane, kananjalo zithululwe.
Indlela yokucoca nokuzalisa izitya zakho¶
Amanyathelo ezi alandela i-Ready.gov (eMelika).
- Hlamba isitya kunye nesivalo ngesepha namanzi, emva koko usihlambulule.
- Xuba ispuni setiyi 1 (milliliters 5) sebleach engenavumba kwilitha 1 (iquart 1) yamanzi.
- Lithele ngaphakathi, uvale isitya, kananjalo uzamazamise ukuze isixazululo sithinte wonke umhlaba ongaphakathi.
- Likhuphele ngaphandle kananjalo uvumele isitya somile ngumoya.
- Zalisa namanzi ombhobho avela kumthombo okhuselekileyo kananjalo uvale kakuhle.
- Bhala umhla kuso ngemaka.
- Tshintsha amanzi owazaliseyo ekhaya qho emva kweenyanga 6.
Apho ufanele ugcine amanzi¶
Gcina amanzi kwindawo epholileyo nemnyama kude kulanga ngqo, kude kufuel, izibulali-zinambuzane, kunye neekhemikhali. Kwimozulu eshushu unganoba ungenagumbi lipholileyo, ngoko khetha indawo epholileyo nemnyama ngakumbi onayo, njengekhabhathi yangaphakathi okanye phantsi kwebhedi. Gcina izitya ziphakanyiswe emhlabeni ukuba ikhaya lakho linganokukhukuliseka.
Gubungela isitya samanzi ngasinye. Amabhakede, amadram, kunye neetanki eziphuma ziba yindawo yokukhulisa amaqhanga kwiintsuku kwimozulu eshushu.
Iitanki, iisiseteni, kunye namadram¶
Amakhaya amaninzi aseCaribbean, eLatin America, eSouth Asia, kunye nePacific axhomekeke kwiitanki zophahla, iisiseteni, okanye amadram amanzi. Ngaphambi kwesiqhwithi, zizalise kananjalo uvale izivalo kakuhle. Emva kwesiqhwithi, ukuba itanki yonakalisiwe, ivuliwe, okanye ifikelelwe ngamanzi esikhukula okanye izibi zophahla, nyanga amanzi ngaphambi kokuwasela. Awasebenzise kuphela ukuzitsha itoyilethi nokucoca de akhangelwe.
Zalisa xa isiqhwithi siqikelelwa¶
Nje ukuba isilumkiso sokuqaphela okanye isilumkiso sikhutshwe, zalisa isitya ngasinye esicocekileyo onaso: iimbiza, iikettle, iibhotile, kunye ne-coolers. Iinkqubo zamanzi zinganolahlekelwa uxinzelelo okanye zisulelwe emva kwesiqhwithi ngaphandle kwesaziso esaneleyo. Iivenkile zinganopheliswa ngamanzi asebhotileni ngokukhawuleza nje ukuba isiqhwithi sinikwe igama, ngoko thenga kwangoko.
Zalisa ibhafu kunye nawaphi na amabhakede amakhulu ukuzitsha itoyilethi nokuhlamba, hayi ukusela. Ibhafu ayicoceki ngokwaneleyo kwamanzi okusela ngaphandle kokuba usebenzisa ingxowa yokuvingca eyenzelwe ukugcina amanzi kwibhafu.
Ukutsha itoyilethi ngaphandle kwamanzi ahambayo
Thulula ibhakede lamanzi ngqo kwisitya setoyilethi ngantshukumo enye ekhawulezileyo. Awudingi kuzalisa itanki kwakhona. Ukuba izixhobo zokususa indle zikhukulisiwe okanye amagosa akho asingqongileyo athi musa kutsha, sebenzisa itoyilethi yebhakede elinelayini endaweni yoko, njengoko ibonisiwe kuluhlu lwezinto ezifunekayo.
Indlela yokwenza amanzi akhuselekile¶
Nyanga nawaphi na amanzi onganaqiniseko ngawo. I-Ready.gov (eMelika) icebisa ukunyanga onke amanzi angaqinisekiswanga ngaphambi kokuwasela, ukupheka ngawo, ukuxukuxa amazinyo, ukwenza iqhwa, okanye uxube iformula yentsana. Ukuba amanzi aguqukile, awayeke azolise emva koko uthulule inxalenye ecacileyo ngelaphu elicocekileyo, ithawula lephepha, okanye isefe yekofu kuqala.
Amanye amanzi awanakwenziwa akhuselekile
Amanzi esikhukula, kunye nawaphi na amanzi avumba ifuel okanye iikhemikhali okanye anombala wamafutha, angenakwenziwa akhuselekile ngokubilisa, ibleach, okanye isefe. Musa kuwasela okanye ukuhlamba ukutya okanye izitya kuwo. Sebenzisa amanzi agciniweyo okanye asebhotileni.
Ukubilisa¶
Ukubilisa yeyona ndlela iqinisekileyo yokubulala intsholongwane, ngokutsho kwe-CDC. I-World Health Organization ithi ebilo oluphezulu lwaneleyo ukubulala iibacteria, iivairasi, kunye nezinambuzane ezenza umonakalo.
- Yisa amanzi acacileyo kwibilo oluphezulu, apho amaqhwa amakhulu ahlala enyuka nangoxa uzamazamisa.
- Yigcine ibila umzuzu 1.
- Ukuba uhlala ngaphezulu kwemitha ezingama-1,000 (iifuti 3,300), bilisa imizuzu 3.
- Vumela apholile ngokwayo, igubungelwe.
- Gcina kwiindiza ezicocekileyo ezineziciko.
- Ukuphucula ikcuku engqalileyo, galela ngasemva naphambili phakathi kwendiza ezimbini ezicocekileyo, okanye wongeze isiqhotho setyuwa ngequart nganye (malunga nelitha).
Bilisa ngaphandle kuphela ukuba usebenzisa isitovu sekampu, isitovu segesi, okanye isikhuni. Jonga ukupheka ngokhuseleko ngaphandle kombane. Ukuba uxuba iformula yentsana, sebenzisa amanzi abiliswe apholileyo, kananjalo ujonge iintsana kunye nabantwana ngezinye iinkcukacha.
Ibleach¶
Sebenzisa ibleach xa ungekwazi kubilisa. Ibleach ayizibulali zonke izinambuzane kakuhle njengokubilisa, ngoko bilisa apho unako.
Khangela ilebhile kuqala. Ukuba inika imiyalelo yokunyanga amanzi okusela, ilandele. Ukuba akunjalo, fumana ipesenti ye-sodium hypochlorite phantsi kwe"active ingredient".
Sebenzisa ibleach elula engenavumba kuphela: hayi ibleach enevumba, ekhusela imibala, engachaphazeliyo, okanye ibleach enezinye izicoci. Khangela umhla nawo. Ibleach idhoofa ngexesha, ngoko sebenzisa ibhotile entsha egciniweyo kubushushu begumbi.
Ezi zixa zilandela i-CDC yaseMelika. Linganisa amathontsi ngekhethe, okanye isyrinji elibhalwe ukuba unalo. Amathontsi avela kwibhotile ekhandwayo ahluka ngobungakanani.
| Amanzi | Ibleach kwipesenti 5 ukuya ku9 (uninzi lwebleach yasekhaya yaseMelika) | Ibleach kwipesenti 1 |
|---|---|---|
| Ilitha 1 (iquart 1) | Amathontsi 2 | Amathontsi 10 |
| Amalitha 4 (igaloni 1) | Amathontsi 8, ancinci kunesiqhotho ⅛ setiyi | Amathontsi 40 |
| Amalitha 19 (iigaloni 5) | Amathontsi 40, malunga nesiqhotho ½ setiyi | Amathontsi 200 |
Ukuba ibleach yakho inamandla ahlukileyo, njengepesenti 3 okanye 4, lo tyala awusebenzi. Landela ilebhile okanye imiyalelo yegunya lakho lempilo lesizwe.
- Yongeza ibleach kananjalo uzamazamise.
- Phindaphinda isixa ukuba amanzi aguqukile, anombala, okanye abanda kakhulu.
- Linda ubuncinci imizuzu 30.
- Vumba. Afanele avumbe kancinane ngechlorine.
- Ukuba akukho vumba, musa kuwasela de uwanyange kwakhona.
- Ukuba ikcuku inamandla kakhulu, galela phakathi kwezitya ezicocekileyo kananjalo uyivumele ime iiyure ezimbalwa.
Amatablet namathontsi¶
Amatablet okucoca amanzi alula, abiza kancinci, kananjalo alula ukugcinwa kwingxowa yokubaleka. Landela ipakishi ngokuchanekileyo, kuba umlinganiselo kunye nexesha lokulinda ayahluka ngemveliso.
Amatablet e-chlorine dioxide abulala i-Cryptosporidium, isinambuzane esenza umonakalo ezingekhe zibulawe kakuhle ngamatablet eqhelekileyo echlorine kunye ne-iodine. I-Iodine ayifaneleki abantu abakhulelweyo, abanemiceli ye-thyroid, okanye abanovakalelo oluphezulu nge-iodine. Landela ilebhile ngexesha onganoyisebenzisa, kananjalo musa kuyisebenzisa njengesixa sexesha elide.
Iisefe¶
Iisefe ezithwalekayo ezinomlinganiselo we-1 micron okanye ngaphantsi zisusa uninzi lwezinambuzane ezenza umonakalo, kuquka iGiardia kunye neCryptosporidium. Uninzi lwezisefe ezithwalekayo azisususi iivairasi. Khangela ilebhile ngezibango zebacteria kunye nevairasi. Ukuba awuqinisekile ukuba isefe inyanga iivairasi, yongeza ibleach okanye itablet emva kokusefa.
Ukutya onokukugcina¶
Khetha ukutya okungafuni isifrij, ukupheka, kananjalo amanzi amancinane. Khetha izinto intsapho yakho esele ikutya kakade, kuba ubushushu kunye noxinzelelo kunciphisa ukulangazelela ukutya, kananjalo uzakutshintsha ukutya oko ukufake kwizidlo ezikqelekileyo kunjani.
- Iintlanzi zetiniki: tuna, isardine, mackerel, okanye salmon
- Inyama yetiniki: inkukhu, corned beef, okanye isoseji
- Iimbotyi zetiniki, chickpeas, kunye nelentils
- Iziqhamo nemifuno yetiniki kwijuzi okanye amanzi
- Isuph, istyu, okanye ichili yetiniki, enganotyiwa ipholile
- Ibhotolo lekaranga okanye elezinye iinati
- Amaqhekeza, ibhiskithi, amakeke erayisi, kunye nesonka esicaba esihlala
- Ukutya okomileyo okulungele kutyiwa njengerayisi elicaciweyo, irayisi evuthwayo, okanye chickpeas ezoswayo
- Oats, icereal, igranola, kunye neebar zamandla
- Iziqhamo ezomileyo, iinati, kunye nembewu
- Ubisi olungenakonakala kwikhathoni, okanye ubisi lomgubo
- Ikofu, iti, iswekile, kunye netyuwa ukuba uxhomekeke kuzo
- Ityuwa yokubuyisa amanzi emzimbeni okanye amapakethi e-electrolyte
- Izinto zokunambitha kunye nokutyiwa phakathi okuthandwayo
- Isivulo setiniki sesandla, kunye nesongezelelweyo
- Izitya, iikomityi, kunye nezixhobo ezilahlwayo ukonga amanzi okuhlamba
Kwimozulu eshushu, qhubeka kancinane kukutya okunetyuwa kakhulu, okwenza unxaniwe kananjalo kusebenzisa amanzi okusela. Irayisi, ipasta, iimbotyi ezomileyo, kunye nenoodles zibiza kancinci kodwa zidinga amanzi kunye nefuel ukupheka, ngoko zibale njengongezelelo, hayi isiseko sekhithi.
Ukutya kwetiniki okuthengiswayo kukhuselekile ukutyiwa kwitiniki ngaphandle kokufudumeza, ngaloo ndlela itiniki ingonakalisiwe. Lahla naluphi na utiniki oluvuvukileyo, oluvuzayo, olufuquzekileyo kakhulu, okanye olunekuti.
Ukutya okungakanani¶
Jolisa kwizidlo ezincinane ezithathu kunye nokutyiwa phakathi okubini ngomntu ngamnye ngosuku. Indlela elula yokuceba: bala izidlo, hayi iitiniki.
| Ikhaya | Iintsuku 7 | Iintsuku 14 |
|---|---|---|
| Umntu 1 | izidlo 21 | izidlo 42 |
| Abantu 2 | izidlo 42 | izidlo 84 |
| Abantu 4 | izidlo 84 | izidlo 168 |
Iintsana, abantu abane-diabetes, kunye nabani na okwindlela yokutya ezizodwa badinga icebo labo. Jonga iintsana kunye nabantwana kunye noncedo lwangaphambili kunye namayeza.
Ukugcina kunye nokutshintsha ukutya¶
- Gcina ukutya kwimigqomo yeplastiki okanye yesinyithi evaliweyo, iphakanyiswe emhlabeni, kwindawo epholileyo nemnyama ngakumbi onayo.
- Bhala umhla wokuthenga into ngayinye ngemaka.
- Beka izinto ezintsha ngasemva kananjalo usebenzise ezindala kuqala.
- Qho emva kweenyanga 6, tya oko kukufutshane nomhla wako kananjalo ukutshintshe.
- Kwindawo ezishushu kakhulu okanye ezinobomityi, jonga qho emva kweenyanga 3 izinambuzane, ukuthomba, kunye neepaki ezivuvukileyo.
Tya ukutya okutsha kuqala xa umbane ucima¶
- Tya ukutya okusefrijini kuqala.
- Qhubeka uye kwifriza.
- Qala ukutya kwakho okugciniweyo okugqibela.
I-USDA ithi ifriji evaliweyo igcina ukutya kukhuselekile malunga neeyure 4. Ifriza ezaliswe ngokupheleleyo igcina ubushushu bayo malunga neeyure 48, kunye nezele ngesiqingatha malunga neeyure 24, ukuba icango lihlala livaliwe. Lahla inyama, intlanzi, amaqanda, ubisi, kunye nokutya okuseleyo okuhlala ngaphezulu kwe4°C (40°F) iiyure ezingaphezu kwe2. Ikhasi leukhuseleko lokutya namanzi linemithetho epheleleyo yokugcina okanye yokulahla.
Qhwithisa amanzi ngoku
Zalisa iibhotile ezicocekileyo kananjalo uziqhwithise ngaphambi kwesiqhwithi, ushiya indawo encinane phezulu ukuze iqhwa likwazi ukwanda. Zigcina ifriza ibanda ixesha elide ngakumbi kananjalo ziguquka zibe ngamanzi okusela njengoko zinyibilika.
Umzekelo wemenyu yeentsuku 7 engafuni kupheka¶
Le menyu isebenzisa ukutya okungenakonakala kuphela emva kosuku lokuqala. Tshintsha ngokutya intsapho yakho ekwaziyo.
| Usuku | Isidlo sakusasa | Isidlo semini | Isidlo sangokuhlwa |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ukutya okutsha okusefrijini | Izasangwitshi okanye okuseleyo okusefrijini | Ukutya okunyibilika kuqala efrizeni, okuphekwe ngaphandle |
| 2 | Icereal ngobisi olungenakonakala | Tuna okanye isardine kunye namaqhekeza | Ichili yetiniki okanye istyu kunye nesonka esicaba |
| 3 | Ibar yegranola kunye nesiqhamo setiniki | Ibhotolo lekaranga kumaqhekeza, isiqhamo esomileyo | Inkukhu yetiniki kunye nombona wetiniki |
| 4 | Oats zicwityiswe ebusuku kumanzi anyangiweyo, nobisi lomgubo | Isaladi yembotyi kunye nechickpea evela kwiitiniki | Isuph yetiniki kunye namaqhekeza |
| 5 | Icereal kunye nekomityi yesiqhamo | Corned beef okanye isoseji, amaqhekeza | Iimbotyi zetiniki kunye nesonka esicaba |
| 6 | Ibar yamandla kunye neenati | Mackerel okanye tuna, imifuno yetiniki | Istyu setiniki |
| 7 | Oats kunye nesiqhamo esomileyo | Ibhotolo lekaranga kunye nebanana ukuba unayo | Inkukhu okanye intlanzi yetiniki kunye neembotyi |
Ukupheka ngokhuseleko ngaphandle kombane¶
Isitovu sekampu, isitovu segesi, okanye igrili ikuvumela ukufudumeza ukutya kunye nokubilisa amanzi. Sisebenzise ngaphandle kuphela, kude kumafestile, amacango, kunye nezintunja, kananjalo soze ngaphakathi, egarashini, okanye phantsi kweveranda evaliweyo. Gcina ifuel ngaphandle kwendlu kananjalo ugcine isicima-mlilo kufutshane.
Icarbon monoxide evela kwizitovu kunye negrili
Isikhuni, igesi, kunye nekerosene zonke zenza icarbon monoxide, engenavumba kananjalo engenambala. I-CDC yaseMelika ithi soze usebenzise igrili yesikhuni, okanye isitovu sekampu segesi esithwalekayo, ngaphakathi okanye kwindawo evaliweyo nasiphi. Ukuba nabani na uziva intloko ebuhlungu, isinqunu, ubuthathaka, isisu esikhathazekayo, okanye ukubhideka, khupha wonke umntu aye emoyeni omtsha kananjalo ufowunele inombolo yakho yesiqhuba-ngqondo yendawo (911 eMelika naseKhanada).
Iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo ngamanzi nokutya¶
- Ukulinda isilumkiso ukuthenga amanzi. Iirafu ziphela ngokukhawuleza, kananjalo amanzi owadingayo angaba sele engasekho.
- Ukugcina amanzi kwisitya esake saphatha ibleach, ioli, okanye iikhemikhali.
- Ukusebenzisa igrili yesikhuni okanye isitovu sekampu ngaphakathi ukubilisa amanzi.
- Ukunyanga amanzi esikhukula ngebleach kananjalo uwasele. Ibleach ayenzi amanzi esikhukula akhuselekile.
- Ukugcina ukutya okufuna ukupheka kuphela, emva koko ufumanise akukho ndlela ikhuselekileyo yokukupheka.
- Ukulibala isivulo setiniki sesandla, okanye uthenge iitiniki ongenakuzivula.
- Ukubala amanzi ebhafu njengamanzi okusela.
- Ukugcina ibleach endala. Ibhotile edhoofileyo ayizukunyanga amanzi kakuhle.