Ikhithi yoncedo lwangaphambili yesiqhwithi kunye namayeza¶

Eli phepha likunceda wakhe ikhithi yoncedo lwangaphambili yesiqhwithi kananjalo ugcine amayeza aneleyo ukudlula isiqhwithi kunye neeveki emva kwaso. Emva kwesiqhwithi, i-typhoon, okanye i-cyclone, ikhemesi kunye neekliniki zinganoba zivaliwe kananjalo iindlela zivaliwe, ngoko kufuneka uphathe iingxaki ezincinane ekhaya kananjalo uqhubeke nonyango lwexesha elide.

Ukuba wenza izinto ezintathu kuphela¶

1. Gcina ubuncinci iintsuku 14 zeyeza ngalinye likagqirha ekhaya kuyo yonke isizini yakho yesiqhwithi.
2. Bhala iyeza ngalinye, umlinganiselo, umzi, kunye nogqirha kwikhadi, kananjalo ugcine iikopi kwiwalethi yakho kunye nengxowa yakho yokubaleka.
3. Hlala ngekhithi yoncedo lwangaphambili enegauze, utepe, ibhandage, isibulali-ntsholongwane, iglavu, kunye netyuwa yokubuyisa amanzi emzimbeni, kananjalo ubonise wonke umntu apho ikhona.

Amayeza kagqirha: iiveki ezimbini mkononi¶

I-CDC yaseMelika ibala ubuncinci isixa seeveki 2 zamayeza kagqirha kuluhlu lwayo lwekhithi yongxamiseko. Sisebenzisa oko njengomlinganiselo osezantsi kumntu wonke, sonke isizini. Ikhemesi inganolahlekelwa umbane, ipheliswe, okanye ingakwazi kubona amarekhodi akho emva kwesiqhwithi.

• Ubuncinci iintsuku 14 zeyeza ngalinye, zibaliwe, hayi ziqikelelwa
• Amayeza agcinwe kwipaki zawo zoqobo ezibhaliweyo
• Izinto ezongezelelweyo zezixhobo: izitrip zovavanyo, iilancet, izinaliti, izicatshulwa zepampu, izixhobo zomoya wenhlanzeko, iikatheter, iingxowa ze-ostomy
• Ikopi yeyeza ngalinye likagqirha, okanye ifoto yelebhile ngalinye
• Icebo logqirha wakho kunyango ongenakugcina, njengedialysis okanye ichemotherapy

Ukubala kulula. Thatha inombolo yemilinganiselo osebenzisa ngosuku, phindaphinda ngo14, kananjalo ujonge iibhotile ezikwirafu yakho ngokumelene naloo nani lipheleleyo. Iyeza elithathwa kabini ngosuku lidinga amatablet 28 kwiveki ezimbini. Bhala inombolo ecaleni kweyeza ngalinye kuluhlu lwakho, ukuze ukwazi ukubona ngqo xa ukuzaliswa kwakhona kufikile.

Ukufumana amayeza kwangaphambili¶

Imithetho yokuzalisa kwangaphambili yahluka ngelizwe, umqhubi wenshorensi, kunye nekhemesi. Buza ngoku, hayi xa isiqhwithi siqikelelwa, kuba imigca kunye nokulinda efowuni kwanda.

• Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba iyeza elinexesha elide ngakumbi, njengezintsuku 90, lingakwazi na. Unganokutsho: "Ndihlala apho iziqhwithi zifika. Ndingafumana isixa esinexesha elide ngakumbi, okanye ukuzaliswa kwangaphambili ngaphambi kwesizini yesiqhwithi?"
• Buza umphathi wekhemesi yakho ukuba ukuzaliswa kongxamiseko okanye kwangaphambili kuvunyelwa apho uhlala nje ukuba amagosa athe kukho ongxamiseko. Ezinye iindawo ziyavumela, ezinye azivumeli. Buza endaweni yokuqikelela.
• Buza umqhubi wakho wenshorensi okanye inkqubo yempilo ngokuzaliswa kwangaphambili ngenxa yesiqhwithi. Baxelele ukuba isiqhwithi siqikelelwe kwindawo yakho.
• Zalisa kwakhona nje ukuba uvunyelwe inyanga nganye, ukuze ungaze uwele phantsi kweeveki ezimbini.

Umlandu wamaxesha wamayeza kwisiqhwithi¶

Uluhlu lwamayeza lwakho olubhaliweyo¶

Ukuba uphelela kwindawo yokuhlala, kwikliniki ekude ekhaya, okanye kwisibhedlele, abasebenzi badinga ukwazi oko ukuthathayo. Uluhlu lwephepha lusebenza xa ifowuni yakho iphelelwe kananjalo inkqubo yekhemesi iwile.

• Igama leyeza ngalinye, amandla alo, umlinganiselo, kunye nokuba ulithatha kangakanani
• Isebenzela ntoni into nganye
• Imizi kumayeza, ukutya, kunye ne-latex
• Iimeko zonyango, izinto ezifakiweyo, kunye nezixhobo njengepacemaker okanye ipampu
• Uhlobo lwegazi, ukuba uluyazi
• Amagama kunye neenombolo zogqirha kunye nekhemesi
• Inombolo zenshorensi yempilo okanye zekhadi lempilo
• Kubantwana, ubunzima babo, ukuze nabani na anganika umlinganiselo ochanekileyo

Gcina ikopi enye kwiwalethi yakho, enye kwingxowa yakho yokubaleka, kunye nefoto kwifowuni yakho. Yihlaziye nanini na kutshintsha iyeza.

Amayeza afuna ukupholiswa¶

I-Insulin, ezinye izinto zokugqithiswa ze-biologic, amanye amachibi amehlo, kunye namanye ama-antibiotic abantwana afuna ukuhlala apholile. Buza umphathi wekhemesi yakho ngoku ukuba awaphi amayeza akho asebenzela ngobushushu kunye nexesha elingakanani ngalinye elinganohlala ngaphandle kwefriji.

I-Insulin¶

Amalebhile e-insulin ngesiqhelo anika uluhlu lwe15 ukuya ku30°C (59 ukuya ku86°F). Amaninzi avumela ukuya kwiintsuku 28 kuloo luhlu kananjalo asebenze, kodwa iimveliso ezinye zahluka, ngoko funda iphecana leyeza lakho.

• Gcina i-insulin ipholile ngangoko unako, kude kulanga ngqo, kunye kude kumiqolo eshushu enjengedashbhodi yemoto.
• Soze uyiqhwithise, kananjalo musa kuyivumela ithinte iqhwa okanye amapaki aqhwithiweyo ngqo. I-Insulin eqhwithiweyo akufanele isetyenziswe.
• Sebenzisa ingxowa yokubamba ubushushu enamapaki apholileyo asongelwe elaphini, okanye ingxowa yokupholisa esebenza nge-evaporation xa isengwe emanzini.
• Bhala umhla owayikhupha ngawo ivayile ngalinye okanye ipeni efrijini kuyo.
• Gcina izitrip zovavanyo ezongezelelweyo, izinaliti, kunye nomthombo we-glucose njengamatablet e-glucose okanye ijuzi.

Kongxamiseko unganofuneka usebenzise i-insulin eyashushu ngaphezulu kwe30°C (86°F). Ukuba wenza oko, jonga iswekile yegazi lakho rhoqo ngakumbi kananjalo uthethe nogqirha wakho ngoko ufanele ukwenze. Ukuba awuqinisekile ukuba i-insulin yashushu kakhulu okanye yaqhwithiwe, yitshintshe kwangoko unganofumana izixa ezigciniweyo kakuhle.

Amayeza amanye asebenzela ngobushushu¶

Ukuba iyeza lishiywe kubushushu obuphezulu, fowunela umphathi wekhemesi okanye ugqirha ngaphambi kokulisebenzisa, okanye ubuze kwindawo yokuhlala okanye ikliniki. Musa kuyeka iyeza oxhomekeke kulo ngaphandle kwecebiso lonyango. Ukuba umbane ucimile, gcina amayeza abandayo kwingxowa evaliweyo ngaphambili kwe-coola ukuze ukwazi ukuwathatha ngokukhawuleza kananjalo ugcine isivalo sivaliwe.

Uluhlu lwekhithi yoncedo lwangaphambili¶

Unganothenga ikhithi eyenziweyo kananjalo wongeze kuyo, okanye wakhe enye kwibhokisi yeplastiki enesivalo esibambeleleyo. Gcina ikhithi enkulu ekhaya kunye enye encinane kwingxowa yokubaleka nganye kunye nemotweni.

Amanxeba kunye nokopha

• Iibhandage ezinamathelayo kubungakanani obahlukeneyo
• Iidressing ezingasebenzi amanzi, ukugcina izisu zivaliwe kude kumanzi amdaka kunye nobuvuvu
• Ipedi zegauze ezicocekileyo kunye negauze egoqiweyo
• Utepe lonyango
• Izitrip zokuvala inxeba
• Idressing enkulu ye-trauma okanye ilaphu elicocekileyo lokopha okunzulu
• Amathawuli okanye isixazululo sokubulala intsholongwane
• Ioyimenti ye-antibiotic
• Amanzi acocekileyo okanye isaline yokuhlambulula amanxeba kunye namehlo
• Idressing yokutsha okanye igel
• Ibhandage ye-elastic yokuqulunqeka
• Ibhandage yetrayenjile ye-sling

Izixhobo

• Iglavu ezilahlwayo, amabini amaninzi
• Izinto ezincinane zokukhupha isicephe kunye neglasi
• Izikere ezincinane
• Isilinganiso sobushushu sedijithali
• Amapaki abanda ngoko nangoko
• Ipini zokhuseleko
• Isigqubuthelo sobuso se-CPR
• Isibane sentloko
• Isikhokelo okanye ikhadi loncedo lwangaphambili

Amayeza angafuni iyeza likagqirha

• Iyeza lentlungu nomkhuhlane, njengeparacetamol (acetaminophen) kunye ne-ibuprofen
• Iindidi zabantwana ezinesyrinji yomlinganiselo, ukuba unabantwana
• I-antihistamine yemizi, ukulunywa, kunye nokulunywa ziinyosi
• Iyeza lokuhambisa
• Ityuwa yokubuyisa amanzi emzimbeni (ORS sachets), amaninzi ngomntu ngamnye
• I-antacid
• Ikrim ye-hydrocortisone yokuqhwanyaza kunye nemiqhonyana
• Ikrim okanye umgubo we-antifungal
• Nawaphi na amayeza aqhelekileyo intsapho yakho isebenzisayo, njengeinhaler okanye amathontsi omzi

Jonga imihla rhoqo kananjalo utshintshe nantoni na esetyenzisiweyo okanye ephelelwe lixesha. Namathelisa inombolo zakho zongxamiseko zendawo ngaphakathi kwisivalo. Eli zwe laseMelika, yongeza i-Poison Control ku1-800-222-1222.

Izinto ezongezelelweyo zendawo ezishushu, ezinobomityi¶

Ubushushu, ubomityi, kunye namanzi amileyo babangela iingxaki zabo emva kwesiqhwithi. Yongeza ezi ukuba uhlala kwiitropiki okanye naphi na apho iziqhwithi zizisa iintsuku zobushushu ngaphandle kombane.

• Ityuwa yokubuyisa amanzi emzimbeni, ngaphezulu koko ucinga ukuyidinga, yokuhambisa kunye nobushushu
• Ikrim kunye nomgubo we-antifungal wolusu oluhlala lumanzi
• Idawo yokugxotha izinambuzane kunye nomnatha wamaqhanga kwibhedi nganye
• Ikrim yelanga kunye nomnqwazi onamaphethelo abanzi
• Iikawusi ezomileyo ezongezelelweyo, kuba iinyawo ezimanzi zivuvukana kananjalo zisuleleke
• Amatablet okucoca amanzi

Izisu kunye namanxeba emva kwesiqhwithi¶

Amanzi esikhukula, udaka, kunye nezibi ziphatha intsholongwane. Izisu ezincinane zinganoguqukela kwizifo zosuleleko ezinzulu ebushushwini kunye nobomityi.

• Hlamba isisu ngasinye ngoko nangoko ngamanzi acocekileyo nesepha.
• Faka ioyimenti ye-antibiotic kananjalo uyigubungele ngedressing ecocekileyo, engasebenzi amanzi ukuba uzakuba kufutshane namanzi okanye udaka.
• Gcina inxeba lomile. Tshintsha idressing rhoqo, kananjalo kwangoko ukuba limanzi okanye limdaka.
• Qaphela ubomvu obusasazekayo, ukuvuvuka, ubushushu, ubovu, umkhuhlane, okanye intlungu eya iba mbi ngakumbi. Fumana unyango ukuba ubona nasiphi na kwezi.
• Phepha ukuhamba emanzini esikhukula unenxeba elivuliweyo.

I-CDC yaseMelika ithi abantu abadala badinga i-tetanus booster qho emva kweminyaka 10, okanye emva kweminyaka 5 kwinxeba elimdaka njengomngxuma okanye isisu esinomhlaba kuso. Jonga irekhodi yakho yokugonya ngaphambi kwesizini. Ukuba ufumana inxeba elimdaka emva kwesiqhwithi kananjalo isitofo sakho sokugqibela se-tetanus sangamnyaka ngaphezulu kwe5 adlulileyo, okanye awazi, uye kukliniki. Umkhombandlela weiingozi zempilo ugubungela unyango lwenxeba emva kwezikhukula ngeenkcukacha ngakumbi.

Iindiza, izixhobo zokusizela ukuva, kunye nezixhobo¶

• Ipeya yeendiza eyongezelelweyo, nokuba ngumlinganiselo omdala
• Izinto zelensi zokuqabela kunye nesixazululo esaneleyo sesiqhwithi kunye neentsuku emva kwaso
• Iibhetri ezongezelelweyo zesixhobo sokusizela ukuva, okanye icharger esebenza ngebhanki yamandla
• Izicatshulwa kunye neebhetri ezongezelelweyo zezitulo ezinamavili kunye nezixhobo zokunceda ukuhamba ezinye
• Izinto zamazinyo asetyenziswa
• Iikopi zemilinganiselo yeendiza kunye nezixhobo zokusizela ukuva
• Umbane wokuxhasa we-CPAP, ioksijini, okanye ezinye izixhobo zonyango ezisebenza ngombane

Ukuba usebenzisa ioksijini, yigcine ubuncinci iimitha 3 (iifuti 10) kude kulangatye oluvuliweyo, njengamakhandlela, kananjalo soze utshaye kufutshane nayo. Buza umthengisi wakho ngezitovu kunye negrili.

Gcina izinto ezincinane kwikhesi eqinileyo ngaphakathi kwingxowa yakho yokubaleka. Ngokubala ubungakanani bombane wokuxhasa, jonga umbane nokukhanya. Thetha nomthengisi wakho we-oksijini okanye wezixhobo ngoku ngoko bakwenzayo ngexesha lokucima umbane. Ikhasi leabantu abadala kunye nabantu abanokukhubazeka ligubungela oku ngokunzulu ngakumbi.

Uhlambululo oluthintela ukugula¶

Izifo zesisu zisasazeka ngokukhawuleza xa abantu bahlala ngaphandle kwamanzi ahambayo.

• Hlamba izandla ngesepha namanzi akhuselekileyo ngaphambi kokutya kananjalo emva kwetoyilethi.
• Xa amanzi esweleka, sebenzisa isibulali-ntsholongwane sezandla esinoalcohol ubuncinci ipesenti 60, njengoko i-CDC yaseMelika icebisa. Asisebenzi kakuhle kwizandla ezibonakala zimdaka okanye zinamafutha, ngoko hlamba lezo kuqala.
• Sebenzisa amanzi agciniweyo okanye anyangiweyo kuphela ukuxukuxa amazinyo, ukuhlamba izitya, kunye nokucoca amanxeba.
• Misela isiteshi esilula sokuhlamba: ibhakede elinempompo okanye ijugi yamanzi anyangiweyo, isepha, kunye nethawula ecaleni kwetoyilethi.
• Lina itoyilethi yebhakede ngengxowa enzima kananjalo wongeze umhlaba wekati okanye inkuni ekhutshiweyo emva kokusetyenziswa ngasinye. Bopha kananjalo uvale iingxowa, kananjalo uzigcine kude kwindawo zokuhlala.
• Nxiba iglavu kunye neembadada ezivaliweyo zokucoca kananjalo uhlambe emva koko.

Jonga ukucoca kunye nokhula ngendlela yokuzikhusela ngexesha lomsebenzi wokuphinda uphile.

Yakhe ngemali encinane¶

• Qala ngekhithi eyenziweyo ebiza kancinci kananjalo wongeze izinto ezilibalayo.
• Khetha amayeza ejeneriki okanye ebhrendi yekhemesi. Aqulathe isixhobo esisebenzayo esifanayo.
• Thenga igauze, utepe, kunye neglavu ngobuninzi kananjalo wabelane ngazo kwiingxowa zokubaleka.
• Sebenzisa ilaphu elicocekileyo le-cotton, elibiliswe kananjalo lomisiweyo, zidressing ezinkulu.
• Buza kwikliniki yakho yendawo okanye isiza sempilo ukuba banika iikhithi okanye ityuwa yokubuyisa amanzi emzimbeni ngaphambi kwesizini.

Xa ufanele ufumane uncedo¶

Fowunela inombolo yakho yesiqhuba-ngqondo yendawo (911 eMelika naseKhanada) ngentlungu yesifuba, ubunzima bokuphefumla, ukopha okunzulu okungayekiyo ngoxinzelelo, ukutsha okunzulu, iimpawu ze-stroke, okanye umntu ongenakuvuswa. Ukuba iifowuni zisilele, yiya kwikliniki, isibhedlele, okanye indawo yokuhlala ekufutshane evulekileyo, okanye umise abasebenzi bongxamiseko.

Eli zwe laseMelika, fowunela i-Poison Control ku1-800-222-1222 ngemibuzo yobutyhefi. Kuxinzelelo lweemvakalelo emva kwentlekele, i-US Disaster Distress Helpline ngu1-800-985-5990, kananjalo u988 ngu-US Suicide and Crisis Lifeline. Ikhasi lakho lendawo libala inombolo zongxamiseko zelizwe lakho.

Izikhokelo ezihlobene¶

• Uluhlu lwezinto ezifunekayo zesiqhwithi
• Iingozi zempilo emva kwesiqhwithi
• Abantu abadala kunye nabantu abanokukhubazeka
• Uluhlu lwengxowa yokubaleka
• Ukhuseleko lobushushu