Kiti ya chithandizo choyamba ndi mankhwala pa mphepo yamkuntho¶

Tsamba ili likukuthandizani kumanga kiti ya chithandizo choyamba ya mphepo yamkuntho ndi kusunga mankhwala okwanira kudikirira mphepo ndi masabata pambuyo pake. Mphepo yamkuntho, taifuni, kapena saikiloni itadutsa, mafamasi ndi makliniki akhoza kukhala otsekedwa ndi misewu yotsekedwa, choncho muyenera kuthetsa mavuto ochepa panyumba ndi kupitirizabe ndi chithandizo chanthawi yaitali.

Ngati muchita zinthu zitatu zokha¶

1. Sungani osachepera masiku 14 a mankhwala a chilolezo cha dokotala onse panyumba nyengo yanu yonse ya mphepo.
2. Lembani mankhwala onse, muyeso, ziwengo, ndi dokotala pa kadi, ndipo sungani makope m'chikwama chanu ndi m'thumba lanu la dzidzidzi.
3. Sungani kiti ya chithandizo choyamba yokhala ndi gauze, tepi, bandeji, mankhwala oyeretsa mabala, magolovesi, ndi mchere wa kubwezeretsa madzi m'thupi, ndikuonetsa aliyense kumene ili.

Mankhwala a chilolezo cha dokotala: milungu iwiri panyumba¶

CDC ya US imatchula osachepera milungu 2 ya mankhwala a chilolezo cha dokotala pa mndandanda wake wa kiti ya ngozi. Ife timagwiritsa ntchito izi ngati muyeso wochepa kwa aliyense, nyengo yonse. Mafamasi atha kutaya magetsi, kuchotsa zinthu, kapena kukanika kuwona mbiri yanu mphepo itadutsa.

• Osachepera masiku 14 a mankhwala aliwonse, owerengedwa, osati oganizira
• Mankhwala osungidwa m'mapaketi awo oyambirira olembedwa
• Zowonjezera za zida: test strips, lancets, singano, zigawo za pampu, ma spacer a inhaler, catheters, matumba a ostomy
• Kope la mankhwala aliwonse olembedwa, kapena chithunzi cha label iliyonse
• Dongosolo ndi dokotala wanu kwa machitidwe amene simungathe kusunga, monga dialysis kapena chemotherapy

Kuwerengera ndi kosavuta. Tengani chiwerengero cha miyeso imene mumagwiritsa ntchito patsiku, chulukitsani ndi 14, ndikuwerengetsa mabotolo pa shelefu yanu ndi chiwerengerocho. Mankhwala omwe amamwedwa kaŵiri patsiku amafuna mapiritsi 28 kwa milungu iwiri. Lembani chiwerengero pafupi ndi mankhwala aliwonse pa mndandanda wanu, kuti mudziwe msanga pamene kudzaza kukufunika.

Kudzaza mankhwala msanga¶

Malamulo a kudzaza msanga amasiyana malinga ndi dziko, bungwe la inshuwaransi, ndi famasi. Funsani tsopano, osati pamene mphepo yaneneratu, chifukwa mizere ndi kudikirira pa foni zimakula kwambiri.

• Funsani dokotala wanu ngati mankhwala otalika, monga masiku 90, ndi otheka. Mungathe kunena: "Ndimakhala kumene mphepo yamkuntho imafika. Ndingathe kukhala ndi zosungidwa zotalika, kapena kudzaza msanga nyengo isanayambe?"
• Funsani famasi wanu ngati kudzaza msanga kapena kwa dzidzidzi kumaloledwa komwe mumakhala pamene akuluakulu alengeza ngozi. Malo ena amalola, ena samalola. Funsani osati kuganizira.
• Funsani bungwe lanu la inshuwaransi kapena dongosolo la zaumoyo za kudzaza msanga chifukwa cha mphepo. Awauzeni kuti mphepo yaneneratu m'dera lanu.
• Dzazani msanga pamene mukuloledwa mwezi uliwonse, kuti musatsikire pansi pa milungu iwiri.

Kayendedwe ka mankhwala pa mphepo¶

Mndandanda wanu wolembedwa wa mankhwala¶

Ngati mwapita ku malo othawirako, kliniki kutali ndi kunyumba, kapena chipatala, ogwira ntchito amafuna kudziwa zomwe mumamwa. Mndandanda wa pepala umagwira ntchito pamene foni yanu yafa ndi dongosolo la famasi lili lofa.

• Dzina la mankhwala aliwonse, mphamvu yake, muyeso, ndi kangati mumamwa
• Chifukwa chake chilichonse chimene chikugwiritsidwa ntchito
• Ziwengo za mankhwala, chakudya, ndi latex
• Mikhalidwe ya zaumoyo, zida zoikidwa mthupi, ndi zida monga pacemaker kapena pampu
• Mtundu wa mwazi, ngati mukudziwa
• Mayina ndi manambala a dokotala ndi famasi
• Manambala a inshuwaransi ya zaumoyo kapena kadi ya zaumoyo
• Kwa ana, kulemera kwawo, kuti aliyense athe kupereka muyeso oyenera

Sungani kope limodzi m'chikwama chanu, limodzi m'thumba lanu la dzidzidzi, ndi chithunzi pa foni yanu. Sinthani nthawi iliyonse mankhwala akusintha.

Mankhwala amene amafuna kuzizira¶

Insulin, zomwe zimabayidwa za biologic, madontho ena a maso, ndi mankhwala ena a antibiotic a ana amafuna kukhala ozizira. Funsani famasi wanu tsopano kuti mankhwala anu ati ndi osamveka bwino ndi kutentha ndi kwa nthawi yotalika bwanji atha kukhala kutali ndi firigi.

Insulin¶

Ma label a insulin nthawi zambiri amapereka muyeso wa 15 mpaka 30°C (59 mpaka 86°F). Zogulitsa zambiri zimalola mpaka masiku 28 mu muyeso umenewo ndikugwirabe ntchito, koma zogulitsa zina zimasiyana, choncho werengani pepala la brand yanu.

• Sungani insulin yozizira momwe mungathere, kutali ndi dzuwa, ndi kutali ndi malo otentha monga dashboard ya galimoto.
• Musaizizire kwambiri, ndipo musaloleni ikhudze ayezi kapena zopangira zozizira mwachindunji. Insulin yozizidwa kwambiri siyoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
• Gwiritsani ntchito thumba lozizira lokhala ndi zopangira zozizira zokulungidwa m'nsalu, kapena chikwama chozizira chimene chimagwira ntchito ndi kuzimiririka mukachinyowetsa m'madzi.
• Lembani tsiku limene mwachotsa botolo kapena pen iliyonse m'firigi pa izo.
• Sungani test strips zowonjezera, singano, ndi chinthu cha glucose monga mapiritsi a glucose kapena jusi.

Mu ngozi mukhoza kudzagwiritsa ntchito insulin imene inatentha kuposa 30°C (86°F). Ngati mutero, onani shuga wa mwazi wanu kawirikawiri ndipo yankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za zoyenera kuchita. Ngati simukutsimikiza ngati insulin inatentha kwambiri kapena inazizira, isinthani msanga mukapeza zosungidwa zoyeretsedwa bwino.

Mankhwala ena osamveka bwino ndi kutentha¶

Ngati mankhwala asiyidwa pa kutentha kwakukulu, imbani famasi kapena dokotala musanagwiritse ntchito, kapena funsani ku malo othawirako kapena kliniki. Musaimitse mankhwala amene mumadalira popanda malangizo a dokotala. Ngati magetsi afa, sungani mankhwala ozizira m'thumba lotsekedwa patsogolo pa cooler kuti muthe kuwatenga msanga ndikusunga chivindikiro chotsekedwa.

Mndandanda wa kiti ya chithandizo choyamba¶

Mungagule kiti yopangidwa kale ndikuwonjezerapo, kapena kupanga imodzi m'bokosi la plastiki lokhala ndi chivindikiro chomangika bwino. Sungani kiti yaikulu panyumba ndi yocheperako m'thumba lililonse la dzidzidzi ndi m'galimoto.

Mabala ndi kutuluka mwazi

• Bandeji za kumatira m'kukula kosiyanasiyana
• Zomangira zosalowa madzi, kuteteza zilonda kutali ndi madzi odetsedwa ndi thukuta
• Ma gauze oyeretsedwa ndi gauze wokulungidwa
• Tepi ya mankhwala
• Zomangira zotseka mabala
• Chomangira chachikulu cha trauma kapena nsalu yoyeretsedwa kwa kutuluka mwazi kwambiri
• Zinsalu kapena madzi oyeretsa mabala
• Mafuta a antibiotic
• Madzi oyeretsedwa kapena saline kwa kutsuka mabala ndi maso
• Zomangira kapena gel kwa kuwotcha
• Bandeji yotambasuka kwa kupweteka mphuno za minofu
• Bandeji yakona itatu kwa sling

Zida

• Magolovesi ogwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi, mapaya angapo
• Tweezers kwa zidutswa ndi galasi
• Mbuchi zazing'ono
• Thermometer ya digito
• Zopangira kuzizira msanga
• Mapini otetezeka
• CPR face shield
• Headlamp
• Buku kapena kadi ya chithandizo choyamba

Mankhwala opanda chilolezo cha dokotala

• Mankhwala a ululu ndi malungo, monga paracetamol (acetaminophen) ndi ibuprofen
• Mitundu ya ana yokhala ndi syringe yoyesera, ngati muli ndi ana
• Antihistamine kwa ziwengo, kuluma, ndi kulumidwa
• Mankhwala a chimbudzi chamadzimadzi
• Mchere wa kubwezeretsa madzi m'thupi (ma sachet a ORS), angapo pa munthu
• Antacid
• Mafuta a hydrocortisone kwa kuyabwa ndi zotupa
• Mafuta kapena ufa oletsa bowa
• Mankhwala aliwonse wanthawi zonse amene banja lanu limagwiritsa ntchito, monga ma inhaler kapena madontho a ziwengo

Onani masiku kawirikawiri ndikusintha chilichonse chogwiritsidwa ntchito kapena chatha. Mangirirani manambala anu a dzidzidzi a dera mkati mwa chivindikiro. Ku United States, onjezerani Poison Control pa 1-800-222-1222.

Zowonjezera kwa malo otentha ndi achinyontho¶

Kutentha, chinyontho, ndi madzi oyimilira zimabweretsa mavuto awo pambuyo pa mphepo. Onjezerani izi ngati mumakhala m'malo otentha kapena kulikonse kumene mphepo imabweretsa masiku a kutentha popanda magetsi.

• Mchere wa kubwezeretsa madzi m'thupi, zambiri kuposa momwe mukuganiza mukufuna, kwa chimbudzi chamadzimadzi ndi kutentha
• Mafuta kapena ufa oletsa bowa kwa khungu limene limakhalabe lonyowa
• Mankhwala oletsa udzudzu ndi nsalu yotchinga udzudzu pa bedi lililonse
• Sunscreen ndi chipewa chachikulu
• Masokosi ouma owonjezera, chifukwa mapazi onyowa amatupa ndikupeza matenda
• Mapiritsi oyeretsa madzi

Zilonda ndi mabala mphepo itatha¶

Madzi osefukira, matope, ndi zinyalala zimanyamula majeremusi. Zilonda zazing'ono zitha kukhala matenda akuluakulu pa kutentha ndi chinyontho.

• Sambani bala lililonse msanga ndi madzi oyeretsedwa ndi sopo.
• Ikani mafuta a antibiotic ndikukuta ndi chomangira choyeretsedwa, chosalowa madzi ngati muli pafupi ndi madzi kapena matope.
• Sungani bala louma. Sinthani chomangira kawirikawiri, ndipo msanga ngati chanyowa kapena chadetsedwa.
• Onani kufiira kumene kukufalikira, kutupa, kutentha, mafinya, malungo, kapena kupweteka kumene kukuwonjezeka. Pezani chithandizo chamankhwala ngati mwaona chimodzi mwa izi.
• Pewani kuyenda m'madzi osefukira ndi bala lotseguka.

CDC ya US imati akuluakulu amafuna katemera wa tetanus zaka 10 zilizonse, kapena zaka 5 pambuyo pa bala lodetsedwa monga kubowola kapena bala lokhala ndi dothi. Onani mbiri yanu ya katemera nyengo isanayambe. Ngati mwapeza bala lodetsedwa mphepo itadutsa ndipo katemera wanu womaliza wa tetanus unali zaka zoposa 5 zapitazo, kapena simukudziwa, pitani kukliniki. Buku la hatari za zaumoyo likufotokoza chisamaliro cha mabala mphepo itadutsa mwatsatanetsatane.

Magalasi, zomvera makutu, ndi zida¶

• Magalasi owonjezera, ngakhale a label lakale
• Contact lenses ndi solution yokwanira kwa mphepo ndi masiku pambuyo pake
• Mabatire owonjezera a chomvera makutu, kapena chodajikitsira chimene chimagwira ntchito kuchokera pa batire yodajikidwa
• Zigawo ndi mabatire owonjezera a njinga za olumala ndi zothandizira zina za kuyenda
• Zofunika pa mano opangidwa
• Makope a mankhwala olembedwa a magalasi ndi zomvera makutu
• Magetsi owonjezera kwa CPAP, oxygen, kapena zida zina za mankhwala zodajikidwa

Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito oxygen, isungeni osachepera mamita 3 (futi 10) kutali ndi moto wotseguka, monga makandulo, ndipo musasute fodya pafupi nayo. Funsani wogulitsa wanu za sitovu ndi grill.

Sungani zinthu zazing'ono m'kesi lolimba mkati mwa thumba lanu la dzidzidzi. Kwa kukula kwa magetsi owonjezera, onani magetsi ndi kuwala. Yankhulani ndi wogulitsa wanu wa oxygen kapena zida tsopano za zomwe amachita pamene magetsi afa. Tsamba la okalamba ndi anthu olumala likufotokoza izi mwatsatanetsatane.

Ukhondo umene umateteza matenda¶

Matenda a m'mimba amafalikira msanga pamene anthu akhala popanda madzi oyenda.

• Sambani manja ndi sopo ndi madzi otetezeka musanadye ndi mutachoka ku chimbudzi.
• Pamene madzi ali ochepa, gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala oyeretsa manja osachepera 60 pa 100, monga CDC ya US imalangizira. Samagwira bwino pa manja odetsedwa kapena a mafuta, choncho sambani awo choyamba.
• Gwiritsani ntchito madzi osungidwa kapena othandizidwa okha kwa kusuta mano, kuyeretsa mbale, ndi kuyeretsa mabala.
• Konzani malo osavuta ozukira: bulaketi lokhala ndi tepi kapena mtsuko wa madzi othandizidwa, sopo, ndi thaulo pafupi ndi chimbudzi.
• Yalani chimbudzi cha m'bulaketi ndi chikwama cholimba ndipo onjezerani mchenga wa amphaka kapena udzu wa matabwa pambuyo pa kugwiritsa ntchito kulikonse. Mangani ndi kutseka zikwama, ndikuzisunga kutali ndi malo okhalamo.
• Valani magolovesi ndi nsapato zotsekedwa pa kuyeretsa ndikusamba pambuyo pake.

Onani kuyeretsa ndi fungus kwa kudziteteza nokha pa ntchito yobwezeretsa.

Pangani ndi ndalama zochepa¶

• Yambani ndi kiti yopangidwa kale yotchipa ndikuwonjezera zinthu zimene ikusowa.
• Sankhani mankhwala a generic kapena a brand ya famasi. Amakhala ndi chinthu chomwecho chogwira ntchito.
• Gulani gauze, tepi, ndi magolovesi zochuluka ndikuzigawana pakati pa matumba a dzidzidzi.
• Gwiritsani ntchito nsalu yoyeretsedwa ya thonje, yophikidwa ndi youmitsidwa, kwa zomangira zazikulu.
• Funsani ku kliniki kapena malo anu azaumoyo ngati amapereka ma kiti kapena mchere wa kubwezeretsa madzi m'thupi nyengo isanayambe.

Pamene mungapeze thandizo¶

Imbani nambala yanu ya dzidzidzi ya dera (911 ku United States ndi Canada) kwa kupweteka pachifuwa, kuvutika kupuma, kutuluka mwazi kwambiri kumene sikuleka ndi kukankhira, kuwotcha koopsa, zizindikiro za stroke, kapena munthu amene sangathe kudzutsidwa. Ngati mafoni afa, pitani ku kliniki, chipatala, kapena malo othawirako otseguka kwambiri, kapena imitsani magulu othandiza.

Ku United States, imbani Poison Control pa 1-800-222-1222 kwa mafunso a utsi. Kwa mavuto a maganizo pambuyo pa ngozi, US Disaster Distress Helpline ndi 1-800-985-5990, ndipo 988 ndi US Suicide and Crisis Lifeline. Tsamba lanu la dera likutchula manambala a dzidzidzi a dziko lanu.

Zitsogozo zogwirizana¶

• Mndandanda wa zinthu zofunika
• Hatari za thanzi mphepo itatha
• Okalamba ndi anthu olumala
• Mndandanda wa thumba la dzidzidzi
• Chitetezo cha kutentha