Chitetezo cha kutentha pambuyo pa mphepo yamkuntho popanda magetsi¶

Mphepo yamkuntho, taifuni, ndi saikiloni nthawi zambiri zimagunda m'miyezi yotentha kwambiri, ndipo magetsi angakhale alibe kwa masiku. Tsamba ili likukuthandizani kukhala otetezeka pa kutentha pambuyo pa mphepo yamkuntho popanda air conditioning: mmene mungazindikire matenda a kutentha, mmene mungaziziritse munthu mwachangu, ndi pamene mungachoke.

Ngati muchita zinthu zitatu zokha¶

1. Mwerani madzi nthawi zonse patsiku, musanamve ludzu.
2. Phunzirani zizindikiro za heat stroke: kusokonezeka, khungu lotentha, kugwa. Ndi dzidzidzi, choncho imbani nambala yanu ya dzidzidzi ya m'deralo ndipo muyambe kuziziritsa munthu nthawi yomweyo.
3. Yang'anani achikulire, makanda, ndi aliyense wokhala yekha osachepera kawiri patsiku, ndipo muwasunthe kumalo ouzira asanadwale.

Chifukwa chake kutentha ndi hatari kwambiri mphepo itatha¶

Mphepo itatha, zinthu zambiri zomwe zimasunga anthu ouzira zimayima nthawi imodzi. Air conditioning ndi mafani amafunikira magetsi. Madzi a pampopo angakhale alibe kapena osatetezeka. Anthu amakhala maola ambiri akugwira ntchito yolemetsa mu zinyalala, pakuwala kwa dzuwa, akuvala mabutsi ndi magolovesi.

Chinyontho chambiri chimachititsa kuipa, chifukwa thukuta sikumauma ndi kuziziritsa khungu. Usiku ungakhale wotentha mokwanira kuti thupi lisapeze mpumulo. Matenda a kutentha amatha kukwera patapita masiku angapo, choncho munthu amene adamva bwino tsiku loyamba angakhale pangozi tsiku lachitatu.

Amene ali pa chiopsezo chachikulu¶

Aliyense angadwale matenda a kutentha, koma anthu ena amadwala msanga ndi kwambiri.

• Achikulire, makamaka amene ali pamwamba pa zaka 65
• Makanda ndi ana aang'ono
• Aliyense wapakati
• Anthu okhala ndi matenda a mtima, m'mapapo, kapena impso, matenda a shuga, kapena vuto la zaumoyo wa maganizo
• Anthu amene amamwa mankhwala a kuthamanga kwa magazi, matenda a mtima, zaumoyo wa maganizo, kapena allergy. Mankhwala ena amasintha mmene thupi limagwiritsira ntchito kutentha, choncho funsani pharmacist kapena dokotala
• Anthu olumala ndi aliyense amene sangathe kuyenda mosavuta
• Anthu amene amakhala okha, kapena mu zipinda za nsanja zapamwamba, nyumba za denga la chitsulo, matenti, kapena nyumba zosakonzedwa bwino zomwe zimasunga kutentha
• Magulu a kuyeretsa ndi aliyense wogwira ntchito kunja
• Aliyense amene wamwa mowa

Ngati ndinu mmodzi wa anthu awa, kapena mumasamalira mmodzi, konzekerani kukhala gawo la tsiku lililonse pamalo ouzira kuyambira tsiku loyamba lopanda magetsi.

Zizindikiro za matenda a kutentha ndi zochita¶

Heat exhaustion ingasinthe kukhala heat stroke. Ngati wina wokhala ndi heat exhaustion wasokonezeka kapena waleka kulankhula moyenera, muchitireni ngati heat stroke.

Mmene mungaziziritse munthu wokhala ndi heat stroke¶

Kuziziritsa mwachangu kumapulumutsa miyoyo. Yambani pamene mukudikira thandizo, ndipo pitirizani.

• Sunthirani munthu mumthunzi kapena chipinda chouzira kwambiri chomwe muli nacho.
• Chotsani zovala zowonjezera, nsapato, ndi chilichonse chomangika.
• Ngati mungathe, muyikeni mu tabu kapena chotengera chachikulu cha madzi ozizira mpaka khosi, ndipo mukhale naye. Mugwiritse mutu wake pamwamba pa madzi.
• Ngati simungathe kuchita izi, nyowetsani zovala zake ndi khungu ndi madzi ouzira ndipo mupitirize kuwanyowetsa.
• Ikani nsalu zonyowa zoziziridwa kapena ayezi pakhosi, m'malowa, ndi m'mphepete.
• Mupungireni, ndi dzanja kapena ndi fani ya batire, pamene khungu lake lili lonyowa.
• Musapereke chilichonse chakumwa ngati wasokonezeka, wotulo, kapena akusanza.
• Khalani naye mpaka thandizo likufika.

Ngati palibe thandizo lingathe kukufikani, pitirizani kuziziritsa mpaka munthu akhale wodzuka ndi kulankhula moyenera, kenako mumutenge ku chipatala ngati ndi kotetezeka.

Kukhala ouzira popanda air conditioning¶

Ziziritsani thupi lanu¶

• Valani zovala zotambalala, zopepuka, zamtundu owala.
• Nyowetsani khungu lanu, nsalu, kapena malaya ndi madzi ndipo alekeni kuuma. Bwerezani kawirikawiri.
• Sambani zouzira kapena khalani ndi mapazi m'madzi ouzira ngati muli ndi madzi owonjezera. Madzi osefukira sali otetezeka kwa izi.
• Pumulani mumthunzi. Dzuwa lachindunji lingathandize kumveka kotentha kuposa kutentha kwa mpweya.
• Dyani zakudya zochepa, zopepuka. Zakudya zazikulu zotentha zimaonjezera kutentha.

Ziziritsani nyumba yanu¶

• Masana, tsekani mazenera, makatani, zovindikira, ndi zophimba mbali ya dzuwa.
• Usiku, tsegulani mazenera mbali zotsutsana za nyumba ngati kuli kouzira kunja ndi kotetezeka kuchita izi.
• Gwiritsani ntchito chipinda chotsika kwambiri, chamthunzi kwambiri. Kutentha kumakwera, choncho nsanja zapamwamba ndi zipinda pansi pa denga la chitsulo zimatentha kwambiri.
• Pachikani nsalu yonyowa mu zenera kapena pakhomo pamene mpweya ukuyenda.
• Musayendetse jenereta, sitovu, kapena choyatsa nyama mkati kuti muyike magetsi kapena kuziziritsa chilichonse. Carbon monoxide imapha. Onani chitetezo cha jenereta.

Mwerani madzi okwanira¶

Mwerani madzi tsiku lonse, pang'onopang'ono kawirikawiri, ndi ochuluka pamene mukuthukuta. Musadikire kuti mumve ludzu. Akuluakulu ambiri amafunikira madzi ochuluka m'nyengo yotentha, ndi ochulukirapo pa ntchito yolemetsa.

• Mkodzo wamtundu wachikaso wopepuka ndi chizindikiro chabwino. Mkodzo wakuda, kapena kusakodza kwa maola ambiri, kukutanthauza kuti mufunika madzi owonjezera.
• Pewani mowa ndi zakumwa zokoma kwambiri za shuga. Zimaonjezera kutaya madzi.
• Ngati mukuthukuta kwambiri kwa maola, dyani zakudya za mchere ndi madzi anu, kapena mugwiritse ntchito oral rehydration salts.
• Ngati dokotala wakuletsani madzi ochuluka, mufunseni chochita m'kutentha.

Mwerani madzi otetezeka kokha. Ngati madzi a pampopo ali pansi pa chidziwitso cha kufwatsa madzi, mufwatse choyamba kapena mugwiritse ntchito madzi obotolo. Onani chitetezo cha chakudya ndi madzi pambuyo pa mphepo yamkuntho.

Makanda ndi ana aang'ono¶

Makanda sangathe kukuuzani kuti akutentha kwambiri, ndipo amatentha msanga kuposa akuluakulu.

• Valani makanda ndi chovala chimodzi chopepuka, ndipo muwasunge kutali ndi dzuwa lachindunji.
• Yamwitsani kapena muwadyetse ndi botolo kawirikawiri m'kutentha.
• Yang'anani ma diaper ochepa onyowa, kamwa kouma, kulira popanda misozi, malo opapatiza a pamutu otsikira, kapena kugona kosazolowereka. Pezani thandizo lamankhwala ngati muona izi.
• Musasiye mwana, kapena chiweto, mu galimoto loyimika, ngakhale kwa mphindi imodzi ndi mazenera otseguka.

Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito mkaka wa ufa, sakanizani ufa ndi madzi otetezeka kokha. Mkaka wokonzekera wokhala mu botolo safunika madzi konse.

Ziweto ndi nyama zina¶

Nyama zimavutikanso m'kutentha, ndipo kupuma kwambiri, kutsonkha, kufooka, kapena kugwa ndi zizindikiro za chenjezo. Ziperekeni mthunzi ndi madzi oyera nthawi zonse. Pa zizindikiro za heat stress ndi mmene mungaziziritsire nyama, onani heat stress mu ziweto.

Kugona mosatetezeka m'kutentha¶

Kutentha usiku kumaletsa thupi kubwezeretsa mphamvu zake. Konzani komwe aliyense adzagona kusada kusanafike.

• Sankhani chipinda chouzira kwambiri, nthawi zambiri nsanja yotsika ndi mbali yamthunzi kwambiri.
• Tsegulani mazenera usiku pokhapokha ndi kotetezeka ndi kouzira kunja. Gwiritsani ntchito net ya udzudzu kapena maskrini komwe udzudzu ndi chiopsezo.
• Gwiritsani ntchito zophimba za thonje kapena linen zopepuka. Zophimba za plastic ndi foam yokhuta imasunga kutentha pa thupi, choncho muzipeweni. Nsalu yonyowa pa khungu imathandiza pamene mukudikira kugona.
• Gonetsani makanda ndi msana pansi, pamalo athyathyathya olimba, mu zovala zopepuka, popanda ma piro, bulangeti, kapena zoseweretsa zofewa. Musaphimbe stroller kapena crib ndi bulangeti.
• Sungani chozindikira carbon monoxide cha batire pafupi ndi malo ogona ngati wina akuyendetsa jenereta pafupi.
• Ngati kutentha kukupangitsa kuti simungagone, pitani kumalo ouzira, ngakhale kwa usiku umodzi wokha.

Musagone mu galimoto ikuyenda ndi injini, kapena mu tenti kapena chipinda chotsekedwa chokhala ndi jenereta, choyatsa nyama, kapena sitovu ikuyenda.

Kuyeretsa ndi ntchito ya kunja m'kutentha¶

Matenda ambiri a kutentha pambuyo pa mphepo amachitika anthu akugwira ntchito.

• Gwirani ntchito yolemetsa m'mawa pang'ono ndi madzulo.
• Gwirani ntchito ndi mnzake ndipo muziyang'anirane wina ndi mnzake za zizindikiro za matenda a kutentha.
• Pumulani mumthunzi kawirikawiri, ndipo mwerani madzi pafupifupi mphindi 15 zilizonse pamene mukugwira ntchito, ngakhale simukumva ludzu. OSHA amalimbikitsa nthawi iyi.
• Valani chipewa chachikulu ndi zovala zopepuka zoteteza.
• Yambani pang'onopang'ono masiku oyamba. Matupi amafunikira nthawi kuzolowera ntchito yolemetsa m'kutentha.

Malo ozizira ndi pamene mungachoke¶

Akuluakulu a m'deralo nthawi zambiri amatsegula malo ozizira, malo othawirako, kapena nyumba za m'deralo zokhala ndi magetsi pa kuzimika kwautali kwa magetsi. Malaibulale, malo opembedzera, ma mall, ndi nyumba za m'deralo zingathenso kutseguka. Zipezeni kudzera mu ofesi yanu ya dzidzidzi ya m'deralo, wailesi ya m'deralo, kapena tsamba lanu la dera. Ku United States, mukhozanso kuyimba 211.

Chokani pa nyumba yanu kupita kumalo ouzira ngati chimodzi mwa izi ndi choona:

• Nyumba ikukhala yotentha usiku ndipo palibe amene angagone.
• Wina pa chiopsezo chachikulu akuwonetsa zizindikiro zoyambirira za matenda a kutentha.
• Mulibe madzi oyera okwanira.
• Wina akufunikira magetsi pa oxygen, kuziziritsa mankhwala, kapena chithandizo china cha mankhwala.

Pitani msanga, m'nthawi youzira ya tsiku, ndipo mutenge madzi, mankhwala, zochajira foni, ndi chitupa. Ngakhale maola angapo patsiku pamalo ouzira amathandiza thupi kubwezeretsa mphamvu zake.

Mankhwala m'kutentha¶

Mankhwala ena amawonongeka pamene akutentha. Asungeni pamalo ouzira kwambiri omwe muli nawo, kutali ndi dzuwa lachindunji, ndipo musaasiye mu galimoto.

Insulin yomwe ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ingasungidwe pa kutentha kwa chipinda, pansi pa 30°C (86°F), koma nthawi yololedwa imatengera chinthucho. Yang'anani zidziwitso pa phukusi pa chinthu chanu, ndipo musunge kutali ndi dzuwa lachindunji ndi magwero a kutentha monga masitovu ndi majenereta.

Ngati insulin yakhala yotentha kuposa chikwangwani chake chikunena, funsani pharmacist yanu musanaigwiritse ntchito, ndipo muyeze shuga wa magazi kawirikawiri. Insulin yomwe yaziziridwa sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Funsani pharmacist yanu za mankhwala ena amene chikwangwani chake chikunena kuti muwasunge ouzira kapena pansi pa kutentha fulani. Mankhwala ena a kuthamanga kwa magazi, mtima, ndi zaumoyo wa maganizo amafunikiranso kutentha kokhazikika, choncho funsani mphepo isanafike, osati itadutsa.

Dongosolo la tsiku ndi tsiku la kutentha¶

Matenda a kutentha amakwera patapita masiku, choncho dongosolo limathandiza kuposa zolimba pa masana amodzi oipa. Ili ndi mtundu wophweka womwe mabanja ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito pa kuzimika kwautali:

1. M'mawa pang'ono. Mwerani galasi lonse la madzi otetezeka musanayambe tsiku. Chitani ntchito za kunja zomwe mufunika tsopano, pamene mpweya ukali wouzira.
2. Kuchokera m'mawa wotsiriza mpaka masana amadzulo. Khalani mu chipinda chouzira kwambiri ndi mazenera otsekedwa. Pumulani, werengani, ndipo mumwe madzi pang'onopang'ono. Yang'anani aliyense pa chiopsezo chachikulu.
3. Madzulo. Dyani chakudya chopepuka, sambani kapena mupukute ngati muli ndi madzi owonjezera, ndipo mupite kunja kachiwiri pokhapokha mpweya wauzitsidwa.
4. Usiku. Konzani malo ogona kusada kusanafike, ndipo sungani alarm ya carbon monoxide ndi flashlight pafupi.

Lembani kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe munthu aliyense wamwa ndi kawirikawiri amene munthu aliyense amakodza. Mndandanda wophweka pa pepala ukuonetsani pamene wina akutsalira.

Kuyang'ana anansi¶

Imfa zambiri za kutentha pambuyo pa mphepo zimachitikira anthu amene amakhala okha ndipo sangathe kupempha thandizo. Gogodani zitseko za anansi akulire, anthu olumala, ndi mabanja a makanda kamodzi patsiku, ndipo muwafunse ngati ali ndi madzi, malo ouzira opumulamo, ndi mankhwala awo.

Ngati wina sayankha ndipo mukudandaula, imbani nambala yanu ya dzidzidzi ya m'deralo (911 ku United States ndi Canada) ndipo mufunse kuti ayang'ane umoyo wake. Pa malingaliro owonjezera, onani mmene mungathandizire.

Zolakwa zofala m'kutentha¶

• Kudikirira mpaka mumve ludzu musanamwere. Ludzu limazondoka pambuyo pa kutaya madzi.
• Kumwa madzi ambiri oyera pambuyo pa kuthukuta kwautali popanda mchere kapena chakudya. Dyani china chamchere ngati mukhala mukuthukuta kwa maola.
• Kuyendetsa fani pa munthu amene wakutentha kwambiri ndi wouma, mu mpweya wotentha kwambiri. Nyowetsani khungu choyamba.
• Kusiya galimoto ikuyenda mu garaje kuti ipereke magetsi kwa air conditioner. Ndi chiopsezo cha carbon monoxide, osati dongosolo loziziritsa.
• Kubwerera ku kuyeretsa kolemetsa madzulo chifukwa m'mawa kunayenda bwino.

Zitsogozo zogwirizana¶

• Kudutsa mphepo itaima kwa nthawi yaitali
• Maola 72 oyamba pambuyo pa mphepo yamkuntho
• Chitetezo cha chakudya ndi madzi pambuyo pa mphepo yamkuntho
• Kukonzekera mphepo yamkuntho kwa achikulire ndi zofunikira za zaumoyo
• Makanda ndi ana