Ndifanele ndirhoxe kwisiqhwithi¶

Eli cebo lokwenza isigqibo likunceda uphendule "ndifanele ndirhoxe kwisiqhwithi" kwimizuzu embalwa. Hamba ngemibuzo ngokulandelelana. "Ewe" yokuqala ikuxelela into ekufanele uyenze, ngoko ungema apho. Amacandelo alandela imibuzo aphathelele ixesha, into ekufanele uyithathe, kunye neempazamo ezibiza abantu ngakumbi.

Ngamafutshane: amagosa akuxelela ukuba uhambe, uhamba. Ukuba amanzi anganokukufikelela, okanye ikhaya lakho alinakumelana nomoya, uhamba. Ngaphandle koko, ikhaya elomeleleyo ngaphandle kwengozi yesikhukula lihlala kuyindawo ekhuselekileyo ngakumbi.

Ukuba wenza izinto ezintathu kuphela¶

1. Khangela imandla yakho yokurhoxiswa kananjalo uphulaphule imiyalelo evela kumagosa endawo.
2. Hamba ngecebo lokwenza isigqibo elingezantsi. "Ewe" enye ithetha ukuba uhamba.
3. Yenza isigqibo kwangoko, xa isilumkiso sokuqala okanye isaziso senzelwa indawo yakho. Isigqibo esenziwe kwangoko sikunika ixesha lokuhamba ngokuzolileyo, okanye ixesha lokulungiselela kakuhle ukuhlala.

Baleka amanzi, zimela umoya¶

Amanzi abangela uninzi lokufa kwesiqhwithi, ngamaza amakhulu edhoruba avela elwandle kunye nesikhukula esivela emvuleni kunye nemilambo. Isakhiwo esomeleleyo singakukhusela kumoya. Phantse akukho ndlu ikukhuselayo kumanzi anyuka ngaphezulu komphezulu wophahla okanye athwala indlu isuke esisekelweni sayo.

Umoya wenza amanzi abe ngozi ngakumbi. Uphahla olukrazukileyo luvumela imvula ingene emagumbini angezantsi, kananjalo ifestile eqhekekileyo ivumela amanzi aqhutywa ngumoya kunye nezibi ukungena. Ngoko umbuzo asingowokuba "isiqhwithi somelele kangakanani". Umbuzo ngu "amanzi angafikelela ngam apha, kananjalo ikhaya lam linganyamezela umoya". Funda ngakumbi ngengozi nganye kwiiingozi zesiqhwithi.

Yazi amagama endawo yakho isebenzisa wawo¶

Amagosa asebenzisa amagama athile amele enze isigqibo sakho. Amagama ayohluka ngelizwe nelizwe, kodwa aya ngawaxhelekileyo kwi-Atlantic kunye nePacific yempumalanga, apho iNational Hurricane Center (NHC) inika iingxelo zesiqhwithi:

• Isilumkiso se-hurricane: iimeko ze-hurricane zinganokwenzeka endaweni yakho, ngokuqhelekileyo kwiiyure ezingama-48. Qalisa icebo lakho ngoku.
• Isaziso se-hurricane: iimeko ze-hurricane zilindelekile endaweni yakho, ngokuqhelekileyo kwiiyure ezimalunga ne-36. Gqibezela icebo lakho kananjalo ulungele ukuhamba.
• Umyalelo wokurhoxa: ukuba uhlala kwimandla ebizwa, hamba. Iindawo ezinye zibiza oku "ukurhoxa okunyanzelekileyo".
• Ukurhoxa kokuzithandela: amagosa akucela ukuba ucinge ngokuhamba. Ukuba umdala, uneekhubazeko, okanye ungekwazi ukumelana wedwa, thatha oku njengophawu olomelele lokuba uhambe.

Iityphoon, i-cyclone, kunye nezinye iziqhwithi zisebenzisa amagama azo ezisaziso. Khangela uluhlu lwezaziso kwi-seva yakho yezemozulu kazwelonke, kananjalo ulandele imiyalelo yorhulumente wakho wendawo ngaphezu kwale ngxelo jikelele ekweli phepha.

Icebo lokwenza isigqibo¶

1. Ngaba amagosa axelele indawo yakho ukuba irhoxe?¶

Ewe: hamba. Amagosa endawo ayazi iimephu zamaza amakhulu, ukuba iindlela zinganyamezela abantu bangakanani, kunye nexesha elithathwa ukucoca indawo. Umyalelo sesona phawu solomeleleyo oya kufumana.

Imiyalelo inamagama ahlukeneyo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Eli zwe laseMelika angaba "ngokuzithandela" okanye "enyanzelekileyo". Urhulumente wakho wendawo uya kukuxelela ukuba luhlobo luphi olusebenzayo.

EJapani, Inqanaba lesaziso 4 lithetha ukuba bonke abantu endaweni kufanele barhoxe, kananjalo Inqanaba lesaziso 3 lithetha ukuba abantu abadala kunye nabantu abaneekhubazeko baqale ukuhamba. EBangladesh, abazinikezela ngokuzithandela basasaza isilumkiso kananjalo bakhokele abantu ukuya kwiziko lokhuseleko lwecyclone. Thatha konke oku njengokuthi "hamba".

2. Ngaba uhlala kwindlu ehambahambayo, i-caravan, itente, inqanawa, okanye indlu yezinto ezilula?¶

Ewe: hamba, nokuba akukho myalelo. Izindlu ezihambahambayo kunye zenziwe efektri azikhuselekile kumoya wesiqhwithi, nokuba zibophwe kakuhle kangakanani. Kuyinyani kwaze kwi-RV, i-caravan, itente, inqanawa, kunye nezindlu ezenziwe ngamaplanga, isiikhwa, utyani lophahla, okanye ngamacwecwe entsimbi aluleleyo.

Hamba uye kwisakhiwo esomeleleyo okanye kwiziko elisemthethweni ngaphambi kokuba umoya unyuke. Jonga izindlu ezihambahambayo kunye noinqanawa.

3. Ngaba ikhaya lakho likwimandla yamaza amakhulu, kufutshane nomlambo, okanye kwindawo enokukhukula?¶

Ewe: hamba. Amaza amakhulu edhoruba angaphakama iimitha ezininzi (iifuti) ngaphezulu komgangatho oqhelekileyo wolwandle, kananjalo angafikelela kude phakathi kwelizwe ecaleni kweebhayi, imilambo, kunye nemifereji. Isikhukula semvula singahlala iintsuku emva kokufika emhlabeni, kude kunxweme.

Zibuze: ngaba isitrato sakho, ibala, okanye umgangatho wokuqala wakwakho ukhe sikhukula ngaphambili? Ngaba ukunxweme oluphantsi, kwisiqithi, kucaleni komlambo, okanye kwisigodi? Ukuba impendulo ethe nithile ingu "ewe", ceba ukuhamba ngaphambi kokuba imvula iqale.

4. Ngaba uhlala kwiflethi ephakamileyo?¶

Ukuphakama kukukhusela kumanzi, kodwa hayi kumoya. Umoya womeleleyo ngakumbi kadiya uya ukwenyuka, kananjalo amafestile emigangatho ephezulu afumana amandla ngakumbi. Iilifti, iipampu zamanzi, kunye nemishini yokupholisa umoya ziyayeka xa umbane ucimile, into enganokushiya abahlali abadala okanye abaneekhubazeko bebambeke iintsuku.

• Ukuba isakhiwo sikwimandla yokurhoxiswa, hamba. Imigangatho ephakamileyo ayikwenzi ukhuselekile ukuba umgangatho wokuqala uthanduxwe ngamaza amakhulu iintsuku.
• Ukuba isakhiwo singaphandle kwemandla, landela abaphathi besakhiwo kunye namagosa endawo. Buza abaphathi ngoku imigangatho kunye namagumbi abayincomayo ukuzikhusela, kunye namagumbi angenamafestile.
• Ukuba nabani kwikhaya lakho akakwazi ukuhamba kwiitebhisi, ceba ukuhamba ngaphambi kokuba umbane ucime, kuba iilifti ziya kuyeka ukusebenza.

Jonga isikhokelo seflethi ephakamileyo ngakumbi.

5. Ngaba nabani kwikhaya lakho uxhomekeke kumbane okanye unyango oqhelekileyo?¶

Ewe: hamba kwangoko, okanye ulungise indawo ekhuselekileyo ngoku. Oku kuquka ioksijini, umatshini wokuphefumla, i-dialysis yasekhaya, isitulo sokutyibela esisebenza ngombane, umatshini wokumunya, i-insulin okanye amanye amayeza afanele ahlale ebanda, kunye nabani ofuna unyango lobuncancisi lonke usuku.

Umbane unganokucima iintsuku okanye iiveki emva kwesiqhwithi esomeleleyo. Fowunela ugqirha wakho okanye ikliniki ngaphambi kwesiqhwithi ubuze apho mandiye kunye nendlela yokufumana unyango. Cela uluhlu olubhaliweyo lwamayeza akho, izilinganiso, kunye nezixhobo, kananjalo ugcine ikopi kwingxowa yakho. Iindawo ezininzi ziphatha iziko lokhuseleko lwemfuno ezizodwa okanye zonyango, kananjalo ezinye zicela ubhalise kwangaphambili. Jonga abadala kunye neekhubazeko.

6. Ngaba ikhaya lakho lonakeleyo, lixhantele, okanye alikhuselwe kakuhle?¶

Ewe: hamba, okanye uye kwisakhiwo esomeleleyo esikufutshane. Uphahla okanye udonga oludidekileyo ngesiqhwithi sangaphambili lusenokungasela kwakhona. Amafestile amakhulu angenazo izivalo, uphahla olungasindo, okanye umthi omkhulu uthambele kwindlu, zonke ziyonyusa ingozi.

Ikhaya elomeleleyo yileyo yakhiweyo ngokuvumelana nommiselo wendawo kananjalo ikwimo entle: iindonga ezomeleleyo, uphahla olubophwe eendongeni, kunye nezivalo okanye iifestile eziyomelele ngokunyamezela ukubethwa. Ukuba awuqinisekile, ikhaya elomeleleyo ngakumbi lomhlobo okanye iziko elisemthethweni liyonke yokhetho ekhuselekileyo ngakumbi.

7. Ngaba unganyamezela iveki okanye ngaphezulu ngaphandle kombane, amanzi, okanye iivenkile?¶

Hayi: ceba ukuya kwindawo enganokunceda. Ukuhlala kuthetha ukuphila ngaphandle kombane, amanzi aqhubayo, inkqubo yefowuni, okanye iivenkile ezivulekileyo, ngamanye amaxesha iveki okanye ngaphezulu. Ufuna amanzi, ukutya, amayeza, kunye nezinto zosana okanye izilwanyana ezaneleyo kuye wonke umntu.

Ukuba uphendule "hayi" kwiimbuzo zonke ezingasentla kananjalo "ewe" kule, ukuhlala ekhaya kuhlala kuyinto efanelekile. Hlala ulandela isilumkiso sezulu, kananjalo ulungele ukutshintsha ingqondo ukuba isiqhwithi sikhula okanye umyalelo ufika.

8. Ngaba unendlela yokuhamba, kunye nendawo oya kuyo?¶

Hayi: lungisa zombini ngoku. Ukuba akunayo imoto, akukwazi ukuhamba kude, okanye akukho mntu unganomtsalele ukufumana ulwazi, isigqibo sokuhamba sigqibelele kwisiqingatha kuphela. Buza ummelwane, isizalwane, iqela lonqulo, okanye umbutho woluntu into abanakuyenza. Bhala ukuba ngubani oza kukuthatha, kananjalo uya kulala phi.

Ukuba ugqibe kwelokuba uhambe, funda indlela yokurhoxa ngokukhuselekileyo. Iphathelele ukuhamba ngaphandle kwemoto, kunye neekhubazeko, kunye nezilwanyana.

Itafile yesigqibo esikhawulezayo¶

Umlandu wamaxesha ukusuka kwisilumkiso ukuya ekufikeni emhlabeni¶

Linganisa izenzo zakho kwinqanaba lesaziso. Ezi zizinyathelo jikelele. Amagosa akho endawo amisela ixesha langempela lendawo yakho.

• Xa isilumkiso siniknzelwa (kufikela kwiiyure ezingama-48 ngaphambi kokuba umoya ufike): yenza isigqibo, ujonge imandla yakho kunye nendlela, kananjalo ulungise indawo oya kuyo. Phinda ugcwalise amayeza akho angaphelelwayo.
• Xa isaziso siniknzelwa (kwiiyure ezimalunga ne-36 ngaphambi kokuba umoya ufike): ukuba ukwimandla yokurhoxiswa, hamba ngoku okanye nje umtsalele wakho ulungile. Ukuba uhlala, ngenisa iifenitshala zangaphandle kunye nezitya, kananjalo ugcwalise izitya zakho ngamanzi.
• Xa umyalelo ufika: hamba. Musa kulinda umoya okanye isaziso sesibini.
• Xa umoya wesiqhwithi esomeleleyo ufikelela kuwe: umoya ohlala uhamba ngo-63 km/h (39 mph) okanye ngaphezulu ngowesiqhwithi esincinane. Yeka ukuhamba ukuba unako. Ukuba amanzi anyuka apho ukhona, hamba uye kumgangatho ophezulu ongekhe unesikhukula wesakhiwo esomeleleyo.
• Xa umoya we-hurricane ufika: umoya ohlala uhamba ngo-119 km/h (74 mph) okanye ngaphezulu ngowe-hurricane. Hlala kwigumbi lakho elikhuselekileyo, kude kumafestile kunye nemizi engaphandle.

Ngoluhlu lweentsuku ngalunye, jonga uluhlu lweeyure 24 zokugqibela.

Xa ukuhlala kuyisigqibo esilungileyo¶

Ukuba uhlala kwindlu eyomeleleyo ngaphandle kwemandla zonke zokurhoxiswa kunye nezesikhukula, ukuhlala ngokuqhelekileyo kuyisigqibo esikhuselekileyo ngakumbi kananjalo esilula ngakumbi. Abaphathi bongxamiseko abaninzi bacela abantu abangaphandle kwemandla ukuba bahlale, ukuze iindlela kunye namaziko okhuseleko ahlale evulekile kubo abafuneka bahambe.

Ukuhlala kusadinga ukulungiselela okwenyani. Ngaphambi kwesiqhwithi:

• Gcwalisa ibhafu kunye nazo zonke izitya ezicocekileyo onazo ngamanzi okuhlamba kunye nokuhlamba. Gcina amanzi okusela akodwa, avalwe.
• Beka izivalo okanye amaplanga emafestileni, kananjalo ungenise okanye ubophe nantonkhe engaxhonziweyo.
• Khetha igumbi elikhuselekileyo: igumbi elincinane elingaphakathi, ikloseti, okanye umbindi, kumgangatho ophantsi ongekhe unesikhukula, kude kumafestile.
• Faka iichaja kwiifowuni zakho, iibhanki zamandla, kunye neeradiyo, kananjalo ugcine iradiyo ezisebenza ngebhetri kunye nezinye ebhetri.
• Xelela umntu ongaphandle kwendawo apho ukhona kananjalo xa ulindelekile ukuvakalisa.

Hamba kwiuluhlu lweeyure 24 zokugqibela kunye noluhlu lwezixhobo ukugqibezela uluhlu.

Apho uya kuya ukuba uhamba¶

Ngokuqhelekileyo awudingi kuhamba kude. Ukuphuma kwimandla yamaza amakhulu kunye nesikhukula kuhlala kwanele, nokuba oko kuyindlela emfutshane kuphela phakathi kwelizwe. Uhambo olude lufaka umxinwa, iingxaki zamafutha, kunye nengozi yokubanjwa endleleni.

Okhetho angcono, ngolu hlobo:

1. Umhlobo okanye isizalwane kwikhaya elomeleleyo ngaphandle kwemandla yokurhoxiswa kunye yesikhukula.
2. Ihotele okanye indlu yeendwendwe phakathi kwelizwe, ngaphandle kwemandla yesikhukula, ngakumbi isakhiwo esimagumbi mancinci. Bhukisha kwangoko unakuko, kuba amagumbi azala ngokukhawuleza.
3. Iziko lokhuseleko loluntu elisemthethweni, elikhuselekileyo kodwa elisisiseko.

Urhulumente wakho wendawo upapasha iimephu zemandla yokurhoxiswa, kananjalo abaninzi bapapasha iimephu zamaza amakhulu. Zisebenzise ukujonga isitrato sakho, hayi isixeko sakho sodwa. Imephu yendawo yakho ikuxelela ngakumbi kunesilumkiso jikelele.

Oko ukufanele ukuthathe¶

Ukuba uhamba, pakisha ingxowa onganokuyithwala wedwa ngohambo olunye. Sebenzisa isikhokelo sengxowa yokubaleka ngoluhlu olupheleleyo, kananjalo pakisha ezi zinto kuqala:

• Lonke iyeza olithathayo, kunye noluhlu lwemilinganiselo kunye noqhagamshelwano logqirha wakho
• Iindondo, iibhetri zesixhobo sokuva, amazinyo okufakwa, okanye izixhobo zokunceda ukuhamba
• Iichaja zefowuni kunye nebhanki yamandla
• Amaxwebhu obunikazi, imigaqo yenshorensi, kunye namaxwebhu endlu kwingxowa engenangeniswa ngamanzi okanye kwi-USB
• Imali kwiinoti ezincinane, kuba imatshini zekhadi zingasebenzi
• Amanzi, izitya zokutya, kunye nazo naziphi izinto zosana okanye izilwanyana
• Idilesi kunye nenombolo yefowuni ebhalwe yendawo oya kuyo, kuba ifowuni yakho inganokucima
• Ngezilwanyana: ikhareya okanye intambo, ukutya, amarekhodi okugonyiwa, kunye nocwangciso lwendawo eziya kuhlala kuyo

Gcina itanki yamafutha ngaphezulu kwesiqingatha ngaphambi kwesiqhwithi. Imoto engenamafutha ayinakukukhupha kwimandla.

Iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo¶

• Ukuceba ukuqhuba ngamanzi esikhukula. Eli zwe laseMelika, i-National Weather Service ithi malunga nesentimitha 15 (iinchi 6) zamanzi ahamba ngokukhawuleza zingawisa umntu omdala. Jika, kananjalo soze uqhube emanzini angaziwa ubunzulu bawo.
• Ukuqikelela ukuba umgangatho ophezulu uhlala ukhuselekile. Umgangatho ophezulu ukhuselekile ngakumbi kumanzi, kodwa hayi kumoya, kananjalo awukhuselekile ukuba isakhiwo silahlekelwa umbane kunye namanzi.
• Ukulibala amayeza kunye nezixhobo. Abantu bahlala bapakisha iimpahla kunye namaxwebhu, emva koko bafumanise kwiziko lokhuseleko ukuba amayeza, iindondo, okanye icharger bakushiya ekhaya.
• Ukushiya izilwanyana kude kube sekugqibeleni. Amaziko amaninzi okhuseleko akhetha ezilwanyana azamkelayo, ngoko buza kwangaphambili. Jonga isikhokelo sezilwanyana.
• Ukubuya kwangaphambili kakhulu. Linda de amagosa athi indawo yakho ikhuselekile. Amanzi, izibi, kunye neencingo zombane ezonakeleyo zinganokuhlala emva kokuba umoya umisile. Jonga emva kwesiqhwithi ngexesha kunye nendlela yokubuya.
• Ukungaxeleli mntu apho uya kuya. Umyalezo omnye kumntu ongaphandle kwendawo wenza intsapho yakho yazi apho ikukhangela ukuba awukwazi ukufikelela.

Iziqhwithi zokwenyani: oko amanzi kunye nokulinda zakwenza¶

Ezi ziganeko zibonisa iimodeli. Azizinyathelo zomsiqhwithi mnye. Amagosa endawo anamanye amathuba azo.

• Hurricane Katrina, 2005. Amaza amakhulu edhoruba ecaleni konxweme lwaseMississippi kunye neembambelo ezaphukayo eNew Orleans zazalisa iindawo ezinkulu. Amanzi, hayi umoya, yayiyingozi ephambili kubomi kwiindawo ezininzi. Iimqela zokuhlangula zafikelela abantu abaninzi abangazanga bahambe kwaxesha kananjalo babambeke ngamanzi anyukayo.
• Typhoon Haiyan (ebizwa Yolanda ePhilippines), 2013. Uninzi lokufa lwaluseeendaweni zonxweme eziphantsi, njengeTacloban, apho amaza amakhulu edhoruba afika kunxweme. Nabani obehlala kufutshane nonxweme wafumana ingenelo ekukhulu yokuhamba kwangaphambili.
• Hurricane Dorian, 2019. Isiqhwithi samile phezu kwe-Abaco kunye neGrand Bahama eBahamas ngasentla ixesha elide, ikonaka izindlu ezininzi. Isiqhwithi esicotha ihlala ibetha indawo efanayo iiyure ezininzi, ngoko ikhaya elinganyamezela isiqhwithi esikhawulezayo singanokunganyamezeli isiqhwithi esilindelwe ixesha elide.
• Hurricane Ian, 2022. Amaza amakhulu edhoruba azalisa iindawo zonxweme loMzantsi-ntshona Florida, kuquka iziqithi eziphantsi kunye nedolophu zonxweme. Abantu abaninzi abahlala babudinga uhlangulo emanzini anyukayo.
• Hurricane Maria, 2017. Ukucima umbane kulo lonke iPuerto Rico kwahlala iinyanga kwiindawo ezininzi. Nabani oxhomekeke kumbane kunyango lonyango wafumana ingozi enkulu. Yiloo nto umbuzo 5 uza kwangaphambili kwicebo lokwenza isigqibo.

Isifundo kwisiganeko ngasinye sifana. Yenza isigqibo kwangoko, uqwalasele amanzi, kananjalo uthathe ukucima umbane njengesiphumo esinganokwenzeka, hayi esinganqabileyo.

Ukuba uqeshisa, uyandwenda, okanye uhlala nabanye¶

• Abaqeshisi: umqathango wakho awutshintshi imigaqo yokhuseleko. Ukuba isakhiwo sakho okanye indawo yakho ikwingozi, hamba, kananjalo umxelele umninindlu. Jonga abaqeshisi kunye neflethi.
• Iindwendwe kunye noohambo: landela abasebenzi behotele kunye nemiyalelo yendawo, kananjalo uhambe kwangaphambili ukuba unako ukutshintsha uhambo lwakho. Jonga iindwendwe kunye noohambo.
• Amakhaya angavumelaniyo: hambani ngokhetho olukhuselekileyo ngakumbi. Vumelanani kwangaphambili ukuba xa amagosa abiza imandla yenu, wonke umntu ahambe.

Okhetho olumbi ngakumbi: uhambo olukhethwayo¶

Icebo eliyingozi ngakumbi lilinde ubone, uhambe kwimizuzu yokugqibela. Iindlela ziyakhukula, iibhulorho ziyavalwa, kananjalo umoya unganyusa ukuqhuba kungabikho kwinye iiyure ngaphambi kombindi ufike. Ukufa ngesikhukula kuhlala kwenzeka kwiimoto eziqhutywa emanzini ngexesha lokuhamba.

Ukuba umoya omelele sele uthe ufika kwindawo yakho, musa kuqalisa uhambo olude. Hlala apho ukhona, okanye uye kwisakhiwo esomeleleyo ngakumbi okanye kwiziko elivulelekileyo elikufutshane unganokulifikelela ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba amanzi anyuka, hamba uye kumgangatho ophezulu ngakumbi, kodwa soze ungene kudari lolwavalwa apho unganokubambeka.

Izikhokelo ezihlobene¶

• Yazi imandla yakho yokurhoxiswa
• Indlela yokurhoxa ngokukhuselekileyo
• Oko ukufanele ukulindele kwiziko lokhuseleko lwesiqhwithi
• Izindlu ezihambahambayo
• Umlandu wokulungiselela isiqhwithi