Ngibaleke yini esiphephweni¶

Lo mhlahlandlela wezinqumo ukusiza uphendule "ngibaleke yini esiphephweni" ngemizuzu embalwa. Hamba ngemibuzo ngokulandelana. "Yebo" yokuqala ikutshela okufanele wenze, ngakho ungayeka lapho. Izigaba ngemva kwemibuzo zimboza isikhathi, okuzophathwa, namaphutha abiza abantu kakhulu.

Inguqulo emfushane: uma izikhulu zikutshela ukuhamba, uhamba. Uma amanzi angafinyelela ikhaya lakho, noma ikhaya lakho lingehluleka emoyeni, uhamba. Uma kungenjalo, ikhaya eliqinile ngaphandle kwengozi yokukhukhulana kaninge yindawo ephephe kakhulu.

Ukwenze izinto ezintathu kuphela¶

1. Funa isiyingi sakho sokubalekiswa ulalele imiyalelo evela izikhulu zendawo.
2. Hamba kumhlahlandlela wezinqumo ngezansi. "Yebo" eyodwa kusho uhamba.
3. Nquma kusenesikhathi, lapho isaziso noma isexwayiso sokuqala sikhishwa indawo yakho. Isinqumo esenziwa kusenesikhathi sikunikeza isikhathi sokuhamba ngokuzolile, noma isikhathi sokulungiselela kahle ukuhlala.

Kimbila amanzi, cashe umoya¶

Amanzi abangela ukufa okuningi kwezesiphepho, ngokukhuphuka kwamanzi olwandle nokukhukhulana kwemvula nemifula. Isakhiwo esiqinile singakuvikela emoyeni. Cishi akukho ikhaya elikuvikela emanzini akhuphuka ngaphezu komugqa wophahla noma asundule indlu isuke esisekelo sayo.

Umoya wenza amanzi abe yingozi enkudlwana. Uphahla oludabukile luvumela imvula ingene emagunbini angaphansi, nefasitele eliphukile livumela amanzi namoya nezibi. Ngakho umbuzo awusiwo "isiphepho sinamandla kangakanani". Umbuzo uthi "amanzi angafinyelela yini kimi lapha, nokuthi ikhaya lami lingakwazi yini ukumelana nomoya". Funda okwengeziwe ngengozi ngayinye kuizingozi zesiphepho.

Yazi amagama endawo yakho isebenzisa¶

Izikhulu zisebenzisa amagama ambalwa okufanele akhuphele isinqumo sakho. Amagama ahluka ngokwezwe, kodwa lawa yiwa jwayelekile e-Atlantic ne-eastern Pacific, lapho i-National Hurricane Center (NHC) ikhipha izibikezelo zesiphepho:

• Isaziso sesiphepho: izimo zesiphepho zingenzeka endaweni yakho, ivamise ngaphakathi kwamahora 48. Qala uhlelo lwakho manje.
• Isexwayiso sesiphepho: izimo zesiphepho zilindelwe endaweni yakho, ivamise ngaphakathi kwamahora 36. Qeda uhlelo lwakho ulungele ukuhamba.
• Umyalelo wokubalekiswa: uma uhlala esiyingini esiqanjwe, hamba. Izindawo ezinye zibiza lokhu "impoqo" yokubalekiswa.
• Ukubalekiswa okuzithandela: izikhulu zicela ucabangele ukuhamba. Uma umdala, onokukhubazeka, noma ungakwazi ukumelana wedwa, phatha lokhu njengesignali enamandla yokuhamba.

Amathayifuni, amasayikloni, neziphepho ezinye zisebenzisa amagama azo wezexwayiso. Hlola uhlu lwezexwayiso ezivela enkampanini yakho yesizwe yesimo sezulu, ulandele imiyalelo yohulumeni wakho wendawo ngaphezu kwanoma isiphi iseluleko esivamile kuleli khasi.

Umhlahlandlela wezinqumo¶

1. Izikhulu zitshele indawo yakho ukubalekiswa?¶

Yebo: hamba. Izikhulu zendawo zazi amamephu wokukhuphuka kwamanzi, ukukwazi kwemigwaqo, nesikhathi sokukhipha indawo. Umyalelo yisignali enamandla kakhulu ozoyithola.

Imiyalelo inamagama ahlukene ezindaweni ezihlukene. Kwi-United States ingaba "ukuzithandela" noma "impoqo". Uhulumeni wakho wendawo uzokutshela uhlobo olusebenza.

EJapan, Izinga Lezexwayiso 4 lisho wonke umuntu endaweni kufanele abalekiswe, Izinga 3 lisho abadala nabantu abakhubazekile kufanele baqale ukuhamba. EBangladesh, amavolontiya asakaza isexwayiso ahole abantu eziphephelweni zesayikloni. Phatha konke lokhu njenge "hamba".

2. Uhlala endlini ehambahambayo, ikaravan, ithende, isikebhe, noma indlu yezinsiza ezilula?¶

Yebo: hamba, ngisho ngaphandle komyalelo. Amakhaya ahambahambayo nawakhiwe efektri awaphephile emoyeni wesiphepho, akunendaba ukuboshwa kahle kangakanani. Okufanayo kusebenza ama-RV, amakaravan, amathende, izikebhe, namakhaya akhiwe izinkuni, umhlanga, noma amathayili ensimbi axegayo.

Hamba uye esakhiweni esiqinile noma isiphephelo esisemthethweni ngaphambi komoya uqala. Bona amakhaya ahambahambayo naizikebhe.

3. Ikhaya lakho lisesiyingini sokukhuphuka kwamanzi, eduze komfula, noma endaweni ekhukhulanayo?¶

Yebo: hamba. Ukukhuphuka kwamanzi kungakhuphuka amafuthi amaningi (amamitha) ngaphezu kwezinga lolwandle elijwayelekile, futhi kungafinyelela ebala kulandela izichibi, imifula, nemiseli. Ukukhukhulana kwemvula kungaqhubeka izinsuku ngemva kokufika emhlabathini, kude nogu.

Zibuze: umgwaqo wakho, igceke, noma igumbi eliphansi likhukhulane ngaphambili? Usogwini olusezingeni eliphansi, esiqhingini, osisebeni somfula, noma esigodini? Uma impendulo noma iyodwa ingu-yebo, hlela ukuhamba ngaphambi komvula iqala.

4. Uhlala esakhiweni esiphakeme?¶

Ukuphakama kukuvikela emanzini, kodwa hhayi emoyeni. Umoya unamandla kakhulu uphakama kakhulu, namafasitele emagunbini aphezulu athola amandla amaningi. Ama-elevator, amapompo amanzi, nomshini wokupholisa umoya ziyeka uma ugesi uhluleka, okungase kushiye izakhamizi ezindala noma ezikhubazekile zibambeke izinsuku.

• Uma isakhiwo sisesiyingini sokubalekiswa, hamba. Amagumbi aphezulu akakwenzi uphephile uma igumbi eliphansi livinjwa ukukhuphuka kwamanzi izinsuku.
• Uma isakhiwo singaphandle kwezindawo, landela umphathi wesakhiwo nezikhulu zendawo. Buza umphathi manje amagumbi nawamagumbi aneluleke ngokukhosela, nawaphi amagumbi angenamafasitele.
• Uma noma ubani emzini wakho angakwazi ukuphatha izitebhisi, hlela ukuhamba ngaphambi kwegesi ucime, ngoba ama-elevator azoyeka.

Bona umhlahlandlela wesakhiwo esiphakeme ngokwengeziwe.

5. Umuntu emzini wakho uncika ugesi noma ukwelashwa okuvamile?¶

Yebo: hamba kusenesikhathi, noma uhlele indawo ephephe kakhulu manje. Lokhu kuhlanganisa oksijini, umoya wokuphefumula, i-dialysis yasekhaya, isihlalo sabakhubazekile esisebenza ngagesi, umuncu, i-insulin noma umuthi omunye odinga ukuhlala kupholile, nonoma ubani odinga ukunakekelwa kwabahlengikazi nsuku zonke.

Ugesi ungacima izinsuku noma amasonto ngemva kwesiphepho esinamandla. Shayela udokotela noma ikliniki ngaphambi kwesiphepho ubuze lapho uya nendlela yokuthola ukwelashwa. Cela uhlu olubhaliwe lwemithi yakho, amadosi, nezinsiza, ugcine ikhophi ebhegini lakho. Izindawo eziningi zisebenzisa iziphephelo zezidingo ezikhethekile noma zokwelapha, ezinye zicela ubhalise kusenesikhathi. Bona abadala nabantu abakhubazekile.

6. Ikhaya lakho lonakele, lidala, noma livikelwe kabi?¶

Yebo: hamba, noma uhambele esakhiweni esiqinile kakhulu eseduze. Uphahla noma udonga obuthakathaka esiphephweni esedlule kungase kungasasimamise futhi. Amafasitele amakhulu ngaphandle kwa-shutter, uphahla olukhathele, noma isihlahla esikhulu esingenele ngaphezu kwendlu konke kunyusa ingozi.

Ikhaya eliqinile liyilakhiwe ngendlela yomthetho wendawo futhi elisezingeni elihle: izindonga eziqinile, uphahla oluboshiwe ezindongeni, nama-shutter noma amafasitele alinganiselwe ukushaywa. Uma ungaqiniseki, ikhaya lomngane eliqinile kakhulu noma isiphephelo esisemthethweni iyinketho ephephile kakhulu.

7. Ungahlala isonto noma ngaphezu ngaphandle kagesi, amanzi, noma izitolo?¶

Cha: hlela ukuhamba endaweni enganazo. Ukuhlala kusho ukuphila ngaphandle kagesi, amanzi agelezayo, isevisi yefoni, noma izitolo ezivuliwe, ngezinye izikhathi isonto noma ngaphezu. Udinga amanzi, ukudla, imithi, nezinsiza zengane noma yesilwane okwanele wonke umuntu.

Uma uphendule "cha" kumibuzo yonke ngenhla no-"yebo" kulo, ukuhlala ekhaya kuvamise ukuba okufanele. Qhubeka ubheka isibikezelo, ulungele ukushintsha ingqondo yakho uma isiphepho sikhula noma umyalelo ufika.

8. Unendlela yokuhamba, nendawo oya khona?¶

Cha: zihlele kokubili manje. Uma unganayo imoto, ungakwazi ukuhamba ibanga elide, noma akekho ongamshayela ngoluphathekomoyeni, isinqumo sokuhamba singu-ingxenye kuphela. Buza umakhelwane, isihlobo, iqembu lenkolo, noma inhlangano yomphakathi okwenzeka kwenzekwa. Bhala phansi ubani ozokulanda, nalapho uzolala.

Uma unquma ukuhamba, funda indlela yokubaleka ngokuphepha. Imboza ukuhamba ngaphandle kwemoto, nokukhubazeka, nezilwane.

Ithebula lokunquma ngesheshe¶

Isheduli kusuka esazisweni kuya emhlabathini¶

Hlanganisa izenzo zakho esigabeni sesexwayiso. Lezi izinyathelo ezivamile. Izikhulu zendawo yakho zisetha isikhathi sangempela sendawo yakho.

• Lapho isaziso sikhishwa (kuze amahora 48 ngaphambi komoya ufika): yenza isinqumo, uhlole isiyingi nomgudu wakho, uhlele indawo yokuya. Gcwalisa noma yimiphi imiyalelo usele kancane.
• Lapho isexwayiso sikhishwa (cishi amahora 36 ngaphambi komoya ufika): uma usesiyingini sokubalekiswa, hamba manje noma ngesheshe uhambo lwakho silulungele. Uma uhlala, letha ngaphakathi ifenisha yangaphandle namabhini, ugcwalise izinqolobane ngamanzi.
• Lapho umyalelo ufika: hamba. Ungalindi umoya noma umlayezo wesibili.
• Lapho umoya wesiphepho setropiki ufinyelela kuwena: umoya ohlala ongu-63 km/h (39 mph) noma ngaphezu ngowesiphepho setropiki. Yeka ukuhamba uma ukwazi. Uma amanzi akhuphuka lapho ukhona, hambela igumbi eliphezulu eliphephile kakhulu lesakhiwo esiqinile.
• Lapho umoya wesiphepho ufika: umoya ohlala ongu-119 km/h (74 mph) noma ngaphezu ngowesiphepho. Hlala egunbini lakho eliphephile, kude namafasitele neminyango yangaphandle.

Ngohlu losuku ngosuku, bona uhlu lwamahora 24 okugcina.

Lapho ukuhlala kuyinketho elungele¶

Uma uhlala endlini eqinile ngaphandle kwazo zonke izindawo zokubalekiswa nokukhukhulana, ukuhlala kuvamise kube inketho ephephile futhi elula. Abaphathi besimo esiphuthumayo abaningi bacela abantu ngaphandle kwezindawo ukuhlala, ukuthi imigwaqo neziphephelo zisale zikhululekile kubantu okudingekile bahambe.

Ukuhlala kusadinga ukulungiselela okungempela. Ngaphambi kwesiphepho:

• Gcwalisa i-bathtub nanoma yiliphi icontainer elihlanzekile onalo ngamanzi ngokugeza nokucima. Gcina amanzi okuphuza ahlukene, avaliwe.
• Fak ama-shutter noma iplywood emafasitele, uletha ngaphakathi noma ubophe noma yini engaphephezela.
• Khetha igumbi eliphephile: igumbi elincane ngaphakathi, ikhabethe, noma ikorido egumbini eliphansi kakhulu elingafanele yikhukhulane, kude namafasitele.
• Shaja amafoni, ama-power bank, nomsakazo, ugcine umsakazo webhethri namabhethri aqoqiwe.
• Tshela umuntu ngaphandle kwendawo lapho ukhona nokuthi ubhekana nini.

Hamba kuuhlu lwamahora 24 okugcina nokuuhlu lwezinsiza ukuqeda uhlu.

Lapho uya uma uhamba¶

Uvamise ukungadingi ukuhamba kude. Ukuphuma ezindawo zokukhuphuka kwamanzi nokukhukhulana kuvamise kwanele, ngisho noma lokho yikuhamba ibanga elincane ebala. Uhambo olude lwengeza ithrafiki, izinkinga zophethiloli, nengozi yokubanjwa emgwaqo.

Izinketho ezingcono, ngokulandelana:

1. Umngane noma isihlobo endlini eqinile ngaphandle kwezindawo zokubalekiswa nokukhukhulana.
2. Ihhotela noma indlu yezivakashi ebala, ngaphandle kwezindawo zokukhukhulana, kungalunga isakhiwo esiphansi. Bhuka ngesheshe nawukwazi, ngoba amagumbi agcwala ngesheshe.
3. Isiphephelo somphakathi esisemthethweni, esiphephile kodwa esiyisisekelo.

Uhulumeni wakho wendawo upapasha amamephu wesiyingi sokubalekiswa, namaningi apapasha futhi amamephu wokukhuphuka kwamanzi. Asebenzise ukuhlola umgwaqo wakho, hhayi idolobha lakho kuphela. Imephu yesigodi sakho ikutshela okuningi kunesexwayiso esivamile.

Okufanele uthathe¶

Uma uhamba, pakisha ibhegi ongakwazi ukuliphatha wedwa ngohambo olulodwa. Sebenzisa umhlahlandlela webhegi lesimo esiphuthumayo ngohlu olugcwele, upakishe lezi izinto kuqala:

• Umuthi ngamunye owuthathayo, nohlu lwamadosi noxhumano lwadokotela wakho
• Izibuko, amabhethri wensiza yokuzwa, amazinyo okunamathiswa, noma izinsiza zokuhamba
• Oshajisi lwefoni ne-power bank
• Amaphepha wobunikazi, amaphalisi emishuwalense, namaphepha empahla esikhwameni esingangenisi amanzi noma kudrayivu ye-USB
• Imali yesandla eminyenyezane encane, ngoba amamashini wamakhadi angacimi
• Amanzi, imiklomelo, nanoma yiziphi izinsiza zengane noma zesilwane
• Ikheli nenombolo yocingo ebhaliwe yendawo oya kuyo, uma ifoni yakho ifa
• Ngezilwane: isigcini noma intambo, ukudla, amarekhodi wemigomo, nohlelo lapho ziya khona

Gcina ithanki yophethiloli ngaphezu kwehhafu ngaphambi kwesiphepho. Imoto engenaluphethiloli ingekukhiphi esiyingini.

Amaphutha ajwayelekile¶

• Ukuhlela ukushayela emanzini esikhukhula. Kwi-United States, i-National Weather Service ithi cishi 15 santimitha (izintshi 6) wamanzi ahamba ngesheshe angawisa umuntu omdala. Phenduka, futhi ungalokothi ushayele emanzini angaziwayo ukujula.
• Ukucabanga ukuthi igumbi eliphezulu lihlale liphephile. Igumbi eliphezulu liphephe kakhulu emanzini, kodwa hhayi emoyeni, futhi aliphephile uma isakhiwo silahlekelwa ugesi namanzi.
• Ukukhohlwa imithi namadivayisi. Abantu bavamise bapakishe izingubo namaphepha, bese bathola esiphephelweni ukuthi imithi yabo, izibuko, noma oshajisi lwabo lusekhaya.
• Ukushiya izilwane kuze ekugcina. Iziphephelo eziningi zilinganisela yiziphi izilwane zamukela, ngakho buza kusenesikhathi. Bona umhlahlandlela wezilwane.
• Ukubuya ngesheshe kakhulu. Linda kuze izikhulu zisho indawo yakho iphephile. Amanzi, izibi, nezintambo zokagesi ezonakele zingahlala ngemva kokuba umoya uyekile. Bona ngemva kwesiphepho ngesikhathi nendlela yokubuya.
• Ungatshelwa muntu lapho uya khona. Umlayezo komuntu oyodwa ngaphandle kwendawo wenza umndeni wazi lapho azofuna wena uma ungafinyeleleka.

Iziphepho zangempela: okwenziwa amanzi nokulinda¶

Lezi izibonelo zikhombisa amaphethini. Azisizo imiyalelo yesigameko esisodwa. Izikhulu zendawo zinezinto zangempela zendawo yakho.

• Hurricane Katrina, 2005. Ukukhuphuka kwamanzi ogwini lweMississippi ne-levee ehlulekile eNew Orleans kwakhukhulanisa izindawo ezinkulu. Amanzi, hhayi umoya, abanga ingozi enkulu kakhulu yokuphila esifundeni esiningi. Amaqembu okusindisa afinyelela abantu abaningi abangahambile ngesikhathi futhi babambeka amanzi akhuphukayo.
• Typhoon Haiyan (ibizwa Yolanda ePhilippines), 2013. Ukufa okuningi kwaba ezindaweni eziphansi zogu, njengeTacloban, lapho ukukhuphuka kwamanzi kufika ogwini. Noma ubani owahlala eduze nogu wayenokuningi azokuzuza ngokuhamba kusenesikhathi.
• Hurricane Dorian, 2019. Isiphepho samile phezu kwe-Abaco ne-Grand Bahama enyakatho yeBahamas isikhathi eside, bhuqa amakhaya amaningi. Isiphepho esihamba kancane siqhubeka sishaya indawo efanayo amahora, ngakho ikhaya elingamelana nesiphepho esifushane, esisheshayo lingase lingamelani esiphepho esinde.
• Hurricane Ian, 2022. Ukukhuphuka kwamanzi kwakhukhulanisa izindawo zogu zeSouthwest Florida, kuhlanganise iziqhingi eziphansi namadolobha wogu. Abantu abaningi abahlala badinga ukusindiswa emanzini akhuphuka.
• Hurricane Maria, 2017. Ukucinywa kagesi kulePuerto Rico kwahlala izinyanga ezindaweni eziningi. Noma ubani oncika ugesi ngokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha wabhekana ingozi enkudlwana. Yikho umbuzo 5 ufika kuqala kumhlahlandlela wezinqumo.

Isifundo esigameko ngasinye sifanayo. Nquma kusenesikhathi, nake amehlo amanzi, phatha ukulahlekelwa kwagesi njengomphumela ongenzeka, hhayi oyingozi encane.

Uma uqasha, uyisivakashi, noma uhlala nabanye¶

• Abaqashi: inkontileka yomqasho yakho ayishintshi imithetho yokuphepha. Uma isakhiwo noma indawo yakho isengozini, hamba, utshele umqashisi wakho. Bona abaqashi namafulethi.
• Izivakashi nabavakashi: landela izisebenzi zehhotela nemiyalelo yendawo, uhambe kusenesikhathi uma ungakwazi ukushintsha uhambo lwakho. Bona izivakashi nabavakashi.
• Imizi engavumelani: hamba ngenketho ephephile kakhulu. Vumelana kusenesikhathi ukuthi lapho izikhulu zibiza isiyingi sakho, wonke umuntu uhamba.

Inketho embi kakhulu: ukuhamba sekwephuzile¶

Uhlelo oluyingozi kakhulu yikulinda ubone, bese uhamba ngomzuzu wokugcina. Imigwaqo ikhukhulana, amabhuloko avalwa, nomoya ungakwenza ukushayela kungenzeki amahora ngaphambi kokuba isikhala sifike. Ukufa esikhukhuleni kaninge kwenzeka emotweni eshayelwa emanzini endleleni yokuphuma.

Uma umoya onamandla usufinyelele indawo yakho kakade, ungaqali uhambo olude. Hlala lapho ukhona, noma uye esakhiweni esiqinile kakhulu noma isiphephelo esivulekile esiseduze ongakwazi ukufinyelela ngesheshe. Uma amanzi akhuphuka, yiya egumbini eliphezulu kakhulu, kodwa ungalokothi uye kuloft elivaliwe lapho ungabambeka.

Imihlahlandlela ehlobene¶

• Yazi isiyingi sakho sokubalekiswa
• Indlela yokubaleka ngokuphepha
• Okulindelekile esiphephelweni sesiphepho
• Amakhaya ahambahambayo
• Icoutha yesiphepho