Izexwayiso vs izaziso zehurikheni¶
Amahurikheni, amathayifuni, namasayikloni ezulu ahlobo lunye lwesiphepho, aqanjwa amagama ahlukene emawolwandle ahlukene. Konke okukulo mhlahlandlela kusebenza kuwo wonke.
Isexwayiso sehurikheni sisho izimo zehurikheni ziyinto engenzeka. Isaziso sehurikheni sisho ukuthi zilindelekile, futhi yisikhathi sokuqeda ukulungiselela noma uhambe. Leli khasi lichaza umehluko phakathi kwesexwayiso nesaziso, izexwayiso ezinye zesiphepho ongase uzizwe, indlela izistim zexwayiso zihluka ngokwezwe, nokufanele wenze esinyathelo ngasinye.
Ukwenze izinto ezintathu kuphela¶
- Funda amazinga amabili noma amathathu wexwayiso izwe lakho elisebenzisa, unqume manje okuzokwenza ezingeni ngalinye.
- Vula izexwayiso zesimo esiphuthumayo kufoni yakho, ugcine umsakazo webhethri noma oshaywa ngesandla ekhaya.
- Uma isaziso sikumboza indawo yakho, qeda umsebenzi wangaphandle ngesheshe, ulandele imiyalelo yezikhulu zakho zendawo.
Isexwayiso sisho zilungele, isaziso sisho yenza¶
E-Atlantic nase-eastern Pacific, isexwayiso sisho ukuthi ingozi iyinto engenzeka nesaziso sisho ukuthi ilindelekile. Indlela elula yokukhumbula: ngesikhathi sesexwayiso, ubheka isibikezelo uzilungele. Ngesikhathi sesaziso, wenza.
| Isexwayiso | Okushoyo | Okufanele wenze |
|---|---|---|
| Isexwayiso sehurikheni | Izimo zehurikheni ziyinto engenzeka. Likhishwa cishe amahora 48 ngaphambi komoya we-tropical storm force ulindelekile | Qeda ukulungiselela kwakho, ubuyekeze uhlelo lwakho, uzilungele ukuhamba |
| Isaziso sehurikheni | Izimo zehurikheni zilindelekile. Likhishwa cishe amahora 36 ngaphambi komoya we-tropical storm force ulindelekile | Qeda ukulungiselela konke manje. Hamba uma izikhulu zikutshela |
| Isexwayiso se-tropical storm | Izimo ze-tropical storm ziyinto engenzeka, cishe amahora 48 ngaphambi komoya lowo ulindelekile | Lungiselela njengoba uzolungiselela isexwayiso sehurikheni |
| Isaziso se-tropical storm | Izimo ze-tropical storm zilindelekile, cishe amahora 36 ngaphambi komoya lowo ufika | Qeda ukulungiselela uhlale kude nemigwaqo uma umoya uqala |
| Isexwayiso sokukhuphuka kwamanzi (US) | Izikhukhula eziyingozi kuphila ezivela ekukhuphukeni kwamanzi olwandle ziyinto engenzeka, ngokuvamile ngaphakathi kwamahora 48 | Hlola isiyingi sakho yokubalekiswa uzilungele ukuhamba |
| Isaziso sokukhuphuka kwamanzi (US) | Izikhukhula eziyingozi kuphila zivela ekukhuphukeni kwamanzi olwandle zilindelekile, ngokuvamile ngaphakathi kwamahora 36 | Hamba isiyingi sokukhuphuka kwamanzi uma izikhulu zikutshela |
Izimo zehurikheni zisho umoya oqhubekayo we-119 km/h (74 mph) noma ngaphezu. Umoya we-tropical storm force uqala cishe ku-63 km/h (39 mph).
Izikhathi zamahora 48 nawe-36 zibala kuze kufike ekufikeni komoya we-tropical storm force. Azibali kuze kufike ekufikeni kwenhloko noma komoya onamandla kakhulu. Uma umoya ufinyelela cishe ku-63 km/h (39 mph), ingalomba, uphahla, noma umgwaqo uphenduka ingozi enkulu.
Yikho izaziso zifika kusenesikhathi kakhulu ngaphambi kokufika emhlabeni. Ngohlelo losuku ngosuku olwakhiwe kulezi zikhathi, bona isibalo sesikhathi sehurikheni.
Isaziso sehurikheni singaqhubeka sisebenza ngemva kokuba umoya uyekile uma amanzi ayingozi noma amagagasi aphezulu kakhulu aqhubeka. Ungaphumi nje ngoba kuthulile. Linda isiqinisekiso esivela ezikhulu.
Izwe ngalinye likhipha izaziso zalo
Izincazelo ngenhla yizo i-National Hurricane Center (NHC) isebenzisa. I-NHC ibikezela amazwe wonke e-Atlantic nase-eastern Pacific, kodwa uhulumeni ngamunye ukhipha izexwayiso nezaziso zomhlaba wawo. Ngaphandle kwezifunda lezi, izistim zibukeka zihluke kakhulu. Bona indlela izaziso zihluka ngokwezwe ngezansi.
Ngaphambi kwesexwayiso: izaziso zesayikloni setropiki esingenzeka¶
Ngezinye izikhathi isiphepho asikabumbeki kodwa singaletha izimo ze-tropical storm noma ehurikheni emhlabeni ngesheshe. Kuleso simo, i-NHC ingaqala izaziso ezigcwele ze-"potential tropical cyclone", nendlela yesibikezelo nekhoni, kuze kube amahora cishe 72 ngaphambi kokuba izimo lezo zilindelekile. Uma uzwa leli gama, liphathe njengokuqala kwesibalo sakho sesikhathi. Isexwayiso noma isaziso singalandela ngesheshe.
Okufanele wenze ngesikhathi sesexwayiso sehurikheni¶
Isexwayiso siyisibonakaliso sakho sokusuka ekuhlela uqale wenze. Unesikhathi esingamalanga amabili ngaphambi komoya onamandla ufika. Sebenzisa amahora okuqala kahle, ngoba izitolo, izitokisi zophethiloli, nemigwaqo ziba matasa ngesheshe uma wonke umuntu ezwa izindaba.
- Hlola isiyingi sakho yokubalekiswa unqume lapho uzoya khona, nendlela yokufika lapho.
- Gcwalisa ithangi lophethiloli lemoto yakho uthole imali yesandla, ngoba amamshini wamakhadi nama-ATM angahluleka uma ugesi ucishile.
- Gcwalisa imithi yakho ebhalwe udokotela upakishe ibhegi yakho yesimo esiphuthumayo.
- Ngenisa ifenisha yangaphandle, amabhini, nanoma yini enye engandiza.
- Shaja amafoni, ama-power bank, nanoma amadivayisi wezempilo asebenza ngebhethri.
- Thatha isithombe sekhaya lakho nempahla yakho, uhlole iphalisi lakho lemishuwalense. Amaphalisi amaningi ajwayelekile wekhaya awambozi umonakalo wesikhukhula, ngakho buza umshuwalense wakho manje.
- Hlola omakhelwane abangadinga usizo, ikakhulukazi abadala nabantu abakhubazekile.
- Uma unezilwane zasekhaya noma izifuyo, qala uhlelo lwazo manje. Bona ukubaleka nezilwane zasekhaya.
Uma uhlala ekhaya elihambahamba, esikebheni, noma kusiyingi sokukhuphuka kwamanzi, noma uma udinga isikhathi esengeziwe ukuhamba, cabanga ukuhamba ngesikhathi sesexwayiso esikhundleni sokulinda isaziso. Ukuhamba kusenesikhathi kuhlale kulula kunokuhamba emoyeni.
Okufanele wenze ngesikhathi sesaziso sehurikheni¶
Isaziso sisho ukuthi isiphepho silindelekile. Isikhathi sokulungiselela siyaphela, nesikhathi sokwenza sisiqalile.
- Uma utsheliwe ukubalekisa, hamba manje. Ukulinda kungasho ukushayela emoyeni nemvula emgwaqeni okhukhulane.
- Uma uhlala, qeda ukulungiselela kwakho kokugcina ngaphambi komoya ufika.
- Gcwalisa ama-container amanzi okuphuza. Gcwalisa ibhavu lokugeza nokucima.
- Faka izitshingo noma uvale amaphaneli esiphepho ngenkathi kusaphephile ngaphandle.
- Khetha igumbi lakho eliphephile: igumbi ngaphakathi, kude namafasitele, kufulo eliphansi kakhulu elingeke likhukhulane.
- Tshela umuntu ongaphandle kwesiphepho uhlelo lwakho nesikhathi ozobhekana naye.
Uma kukhona lokhu, bese kuba lokhu¶
Nquma lezi kusenesikhathi, ukuze ungazidingi ukuzinquma emvuleni.
- Uma izikhulu ziyalela ukubalekiswa esiyingini sakho, hamba, ngisho umoya ungakaqali. Ungalindi ukubona ukuthi kungaba kubi kangakanani.
- Uma ikhaya lakho likusiyingi sokukhuphuka kwamanzi futhi ungaphansi kwesaziso sokukhuphuka kwamanzi, shiya isiyingi sokukhuphuka kwamanzi. Ukuhlala akuyinto ephephile lapho, noma indlu yakho ibukeke iqinile kangakanani.
- Uma amanzi aqala ukungena endlini, thuthela phezulu, hhayi ngaphandle. Bona izikhukhula ngesikhathi sehurikheni.
- Uma umoya uma ngokuzumayo, ungase usesosweni. Hlala ngaphakathi ulinde uhlangothi olunye lwesiphepho. Bona iso lehurikheni.
- Uma isaziso samazibhunguzane sikhishwa kusendawo yakho, yiya kufulo eliphansi kakhulu eliphephile, egumbini ngaphakathi, uhlale kuze siphele.
Izexwayiso nezaziso ze-tropical storm¶
Isexwayiso se-tropical storm sisho ukuthi umoya we-63 kuya ku-118 km/h (39 kuya ku-73 mph) uyinto engenzeka, likhishwa cishe amahora 48 ngaphambi komoya lowo ulindelekile. Isaziso se-tropical storm sisho ukuthi umoya lowo ulindelekile, likhishwa cishe amahora 36 kusenesikhathi.
Zithathe ngokungqingetshe. Umoya we-tropical storm uwisa izihlahla nezintambo zokagesi, nemvula ingabangela izikhukhula ezibulala kude ngaphakathi. Iziphepho ezithize ziqina ngesheshe ngaphezu kwesibikezelo, ngakho isaziso se-tropical storm singakhuphuka kube isaziso sehurikheni ngaphandle kwesaziso esikhudlwana. Hlela izinga eliphezulu ngenkathi usesizingeni eliphansi.
Izexwayiso nezaziso zokukhuphuka kwamanzi¶
Ukukhuphuka kwamanzi ngamanzi olwandle asunduzwa emhlabathini isiphepho. I-United States ikhipha izexwayiso zokukhuphuka kwamanzi zehlukene nezexwayiso zomoya, ngoba ukukhuphuka kwamanzi kungabulala ngisho umoya ungaphuzi kakhulu. Izexwayiso lezi zimboza ogu lwe-US Atlantic ne-Gulf of Mexico, iPuerto Rico, nama-US Virgin Islands.
Isexwayiso sokukhuphuka kwamanzi sisho izikhukhula eziyingozi kuphila ezivela ekukhuphukeni kwamanzi ziyinto engenzeka, ngokuvamile ngaphakathi kwamahora 48. Isaziso sokukhuphuka kwamanzi sisho ukuthi kulindelekile, ngokuvamile ngaphakathi kwamahora 36. Uma ikheli lakho likusiyingi sokukhuphuka kwamanzi ngaphansi kwesaziso, ukuhamba kuyintando eyodwa ephephile.
Izaziso zokukhuphuka kwamanzi zibaluleke ngaphezu kwesigaba
Isaziso sokukhuphuka kwamanzi singafika ne-tropical storm noma ihurikheni yesigaba 1. Ungahlulele ingozi ngesigaba somoya. Yihlulele ngokuthi ungaphakathi kwisiyingi yini.
Amazwe amaningi awakhiphi isexwayiso sokukhuphuka kwamanzi ehlukene. Ezindaweni lezo, ingozi yokukhuphuka kwamanzi iyingxenye yesexwayiso esiyinhloko sesayikloni, nemiyalelo yokubalekiswa ogwini iyimboza. Funda isaziso sonke ulandele imiyalelo yokubalekiswa ogwini.
Izaziso zezikhukhula zesheshe¶
Isexwayiso sezikhukhula zesheshe sisho izimo zifanele izikhukhula zesheshe. Isaziso sezikhukhula zesheshe sisho izikhukhula zenzeka noma zizoqala masinyane. Ngesikhathi sehurikheni, lezi kaningi zivela emvuleni enkudlwana kude ngaphakathi, ngezinye izikhathi izinsuku ngemva kokufika emhlabeni. Yiya endaweni ephezulu, futhi ungalokothi uhambe noma ushayele emanzini emgwaqeni.
Isimo esiphuthumayo sezikhukhula zesheshe yindlela enamandla kakhulu e-United States. Ivamise ingavamile futhi isho isikhukhula esibhubhisayo, esiyingozi kuphila, siqhubeka. Thuthela endaweni ephezulu manje. Ikhasi lethu lamazikhukhula ngesikhathi sesiphepho linokwengeza.
Izaziso zamazibhunguzane¶
Amahurikheni kaningi akhiqiza amazibhunguzane emabhendini wawo wangaphandle emvula. Esifundeni sangenyakatho, avamile engxenyeni yangaphambili yesokunene yesiphepho, uqhathaniswa nendlela sihamba ngayo. Esifundeni saseningizimu, ingxenye yangaphambili yesobunxele iyindawo ejwayelekile.
Isexwayiso samazibhunguzane sisho izimo zifanele amazibhunguzane. Isaziso samazibhunguzane sisho izibhunguzane libonakele noma likhonjiswe ku-radar. Uma lelikhishwa, yiya kufulo eliphansi kakhulu elingeke likhukhulane, egumbini ngaphakathi kude namafasitele, uhlale kuze isaziso siphele.
Izaziso lezi zingafika ngaphandle kwesaziso esikhudlwana, kaningi izikhathi eziningi ngosuku olulodwa. Gcina izexwayiso zefoni zivuliwe ngisho zizwakala ziphindaphindeke. Bona amazibhunguzane ngesikhathi sehurikheni.
Izexwayiso zomoya omkhulu kakhulu¶
E-United States, isexwayiso somoya omkhulu kakhulu sikhishwa uma umoya wobuso we-185 km/h (115 mph) noma ngaphezu ulindelekile ngaphakathi kwehora. Umoya wehurikheni oqhubekayo ungaletha lezi. Khosela manje egumbini ngaphakathi kufulo eliphansi kakhulu elingeke likhukhulane, kude kwamafasitele onke, uhlale lapho kuze umoya udlule.
Indlela izaziso zihluka ngokwezwe¶
Umqondo ufanayo ndawo zonke: isaziso sokuqala sokulungiselela, bese esilandelayo sokwenza. Kodwa amagama, izinombolo, imibala, nezikhathi zishintsha ngokwezwe. Isivakashi esazi isistim esinye kuphela singafunda kabi esinye, ngakho funda isistim lapho ukhona.
| Izwe noma isifunda | Indlela izaziso zisebenza ngayo | Izinga elisho yenza manje |
|---|---|---|
| I-United States, iCaribbean, iCentral America, iCanada, iBermuda | Isexwayiso cishe amahora 48 ngaphambi komoya we-tropical storm force, bese isaziso cishe amahora 36 kusenesikhathi | Isaziso sehurikheni noma sokukhuphuka kwamanzi, noma imiyalelo yokubalekiswa |
| IMexico | Izexwayiso nezaziso, kanye nemibala yesistim ye-SIAT-CT | Orange noma obomvu, nanoma yimuphi umyalelo wokuvikela izakhamizi wokubalekiswa |
| IPhilippines (PAGASA) | Izibonakaliso Zomoya No. 1 kuya ku-No. 5, ziphakanyiswa ngesifundazwe noma umasipala | Isibonakaliso uhulumeni wakho wendawo akutshela wenze ngaso, noma umyalelo wokubalekiswa wendawo |
| IHong Kong (Hong Kong Observatory) | Izibonakaliso No. 1, 3, 8, 9, no-10 | Isibonakaliso No. 8 noma ngaphezu: hlala ekhaya noma kusakhiwo esiphephile, ulandele iseluleko se-Observatory |
| IJapan (JMA nedolobha lakho) | Izaziso, izexwayiso, nezexwayiso ezikhethekile, kanye namazinga wokubalekiswa 1 kuya ku-5 | Izinga 4, imiyalelo yokubalekiswa. Ungalindi Izinga 5 |
| I-India (IMD) | I-Pre cyclone watch, i-cyclone alert (ophuzi), i-cyclone warning (orange), i-post landfall outlook (bomvu) | Isaziso sesayikloni, noma umyalelo wokubalekiswa wesifunda sakho |
| IBangladesh (BMD) | Izibonakaliso zezibuko No. 1 kuya ku-No. 11 | Izibonakaliso eziphezulu kakhulu, noma umyalelo wokuya kusiphephelo sesayikloni |
| I-Australia (Bureau of Meteorology) | Isexwayiso sesayikloni setropiki (amavunguvungu ngaphakathi kwamahora 48), bese isaziso (amavunguvungu ngaphakathi kwamahora 24 noma avele enzeka), kanye nezexwayiso zesifundazwe: Iseluleko, Isexwayiso Senza, nesiXwayiso Esiphuthumayo | Isaziso, Isexwayiso Senza, noma isiXwayiso Esiphuthumayo |
| IRéunion (Météo-France neprefecture) | I-Pre alert ophuzi, bese orange, obomvu, no-violet, bese isigaba sokuzivikela | Orange ukulungisa. Obomvu kusho hlala ekhaya uhlale ngaphakathi |
Bheka izikhathi. Isistim se-NHC sinikeza cishe amahora 36 ngesaziso. Isaziso se-Australia sicishe amahora 24. Izistim ezithize zinikeza isaziso esincane kakhulu ezingeni eliphezulu, ngakho ungalindi lelo ukuqala ulungiselele.
Inombolo efanayo ingasho futhi izinto ezihlukene. Isibonakaliso No. 3 eHong Kong sichaza amandla omoya ahlukile kunesibonakaliso No. 3 ePhilippines. Izinombolo zesigaba kwisikali esisodwa azifaniseki kwesikali esinye, ngisho amagama abukeka efana. Ungalokothi uthwale inombolo kusuka kwisistim esisodwa uye kwesinye.
Ikhasi lethu lamathayifuni, amasayikloni, namahurikheni emhlabeni wonke lichaza isistim ngasinye kulezi ngokucacisa kakhudlwana, namathebula ngesifunda ngasinye.
Imiyalelo yokubalekiswa ivela kuhulumeni wendawo
Cishe ezweni ngalinye, isevisi yesimo sezulu ikhipha izexwayiso futhi uhulumeni wendawo ayalela ukubalekiswa. Idolobha, umasipala, ibarangay, isifunda, iprefecture, noma iparish ingayalela abantu bahambe ngaphambi kokufinyelela izinga lesexwayiso eliphezulu kakhulu. Uma bathi hamba, hamba.
Amaphutha ajwayelekile¶
- Ukulinda izinga eliphezulu kakhulu. Isexwayiso esiphezulu kakhulu singafika nesikhathi esincane kunamalinganiso aphansi. Qala esexwayisweni sokuqala.
- Ukuhlulela ingozi ngesigaba. Izikhukhula, ukukhuphuka kwamanzi, nemvula babulala abantu nakwiziphepho ezibuthaka futhi. I-tropical storm isengaba iyingozi.
- Ukukholelwa ukuthi ukuthula kusho isiphepho siphelile. Iso lingadlula emizuzwini, uhlangothi lwangemuva lwesiphepho lufika kuhlangothi oluphambene.
- Ukuncika kwindlela eyodwa yesexwayiso. Ifoni ingahluleka, umsakazo ungaphela amabhethri. Sebenzisa okungenani ezimbili.
- Ukwetheme i-screenshot. Izithombe ezidluliselwayo kaningi zidala. Hlola isibikezelo noma isaziso esisemthethweni ngqo.
- Ukusebenzisa izinombolo zezwe elinye. "Isibonakaliso 3" noma "Isigaba 3" sisho into ehlukile kwisistim ngasinye.
Indlela izexwayiso zifinyelela kuwena¶
Izexwayiso zihamba ngendlela eziningana. Ayikho eyodwa ethembekileyo ngokwanele yodwa.
Izexwayiso zesimo esiphuthumayo kufoni yakho yimiyalezo emifushane ethunyelwa kuzo zonke amafoni endaweni, nomsindo omkhulu futhi ngaphandle kokubhaliswa. Amazwe amaningi anazo, ngaphansi kwamagama njenge-Wireless Emergency Alerts e-United States. Hlola izilungiselelo zefoni yakho uvule izexwayiso zesimo esiphuthumayo. Izingolonswe zamafoni zingahluleka esiphephweni, ngakho ungancike kulokhu kuphela.
Umsakazo nethelevishini ziqhubeka zibikezela phakathi neziphepho eziningi. Umsakazo webhethri noma oshaywa ngesandla usasebenza uma ugesi ne-inthanethi zicimile. Emazweni amaningi, umsakazo womphakathi uyindlela esemthethweni yezaziso zesayikloni.
Amasiteshi omsakazo wesimo sezulu asakaza izexwayiso usuku lonke kumazwe athize. E-United States, i-NOAA Weather Radio imboza ingxenye enkulu yezwe, nomthoshi onebhethri yokuxhasa ungakuvusa ebusuku ngesaziso sezibhunguzane.
Izikhulu zendawo zikhipha imiyalelo yokubalekiswa, ukuvulwa kwezindawo zokukhosela, nemithetho yokuhamba ebusuku ngewebhusayithi zazo, izistim zezexwayiso zemiyalezo, izipikha, abaholi bomphakathi, nomsakazo wendawo. Kwezindawo ezithize, amavolontiya ahamba emnyango nemnyango, aphakamise izifhlebhu, noma asebenzise ama-siren. Funda indlela umphakathi wakho owenza ngayo ngaphambi kokuba isizini iqale.
Ama-app newebhusayithi zomthetho ezivela enkampanini yakho yesizwe yesimo sezulu zinikeza izexwayiso zamanje. Sebenzisa umthombo osemthethweni, hhayi i-screenshot edluliselwe.
Kungani udinga ngaphezu kwendlela eyodwa yokuthola izexwayiso¶
Ugesi uyahluleka, izingolonswe zamafoni ziwa, amafoni acima, ne-inthanethi iyacima. Esiphephweni esibi, izinto ezimbalwa kulezi zenzeka ngasikhathi sinye, ngezinye izikhathi izinsuku.
Setha okungenani izindlela ezimbili zokuthola izexwayiso ngaphambi kokuba isizini iqale. Impahla enhle izexwayiso zefoni kanye nomsakazo webhethri. Faka amabhethri amasha kumsakazo ekuqaleni kwesizini ngasinye, ugcine i-power bank ishajiwe. Ikhasi lethu lokuhlala uxhumene uma amanethiwekhi ehluleka](../plan/staying-in-touch.md) linemibono eminye.
Bhalisa ngaphambi kokuba ukudinge
Izistim eziningi zezexwayiso zendawo zidinga ubhalise kusenesikhathi. Hlola ikhasi lakho losizo lwasendaweni ngesevisi yezexwayiso yesifunda sakho ubhalise manje, ngenkathi isimo sezulu sisazolile.