Isizini yeziphepho inini¶
Amahurikheni, amathayifuni, namasayikloni ezulu ahlobo lunye lwesiphepho, aqanjwa amagama ahlukene emawolwandle ahlukene. Konke okukulo mhlahlandlela kusebenza kuwo wonke.
Leli khasi likusiza uthole lapho isizini yehurikheni iqala futhi ifika esiqongweni lapho uhlala, nokufanele wenze ngaphambi kokuba iqale. Isizini yehurikheni e-Atlantic, eCaribbean, nase-Gulf of Mexico ihamba kusuka ku-June 1 kuya ku-November 30, nesiqongo ngo-August, September, no-October. Izizini zamathayifuni namasayikloni kumawolwandle amanye zihamba ngezikhathi ezihlukene zonyaka. Amahora ambalwa omsebenzi ngaphambi kwesizini kongolosa izinsuku zokuphuthuma kamuva.
Ukwenze izinto ezintathu kuphela¶
- Faka ukuqala kwesizini yakho kukhalenda yakho, wenze uhlu lwezansi inyanga ngaphambi kokuba iqale.
- Gcina ikhithi eyisisekelo unyaka wonke, ngoba iziphepho zingabumbeka ngaphandle kwesizini.
- Hlola indlela izexwayiso zifinyelela kuwena ngayo, ubhalise izexwayiso zendawo manje.
Izinsuku zesizini emhlabeni wonke¶
Amahurikheni, amathayifuni, namasayikloni iyinhlobo efanayo yesiphepho. Wolwandle ngalunye lunesizini salo, ngakho izinsuku ezibalulekile zincike lapho uhlala.
| Isifunda | Isizini eyinhloko | Izinyanga eziphathekile kakhulu | Izindawo ezithintekayo |
|---|---|---|---|
| I-North Atlantic, iCaribbean Sea, iGulf of Mexico | KuJune 1 kuya kuNovember 30 | August kuya ku-October, kakhulu kuSeptemba | Izihlengi zeCaribbean, iBahamas, iBermuda, ogwini lweGulf of Mexico neCaribbean lweMexico neCentral America, i-United States, i-Atlantic Canada, ngezinye izikhathi ama-Azores neCabo Verde |
| I-Eastern North Pacific | Ku-May 15 kuya kuNovember 30 | July kuya kuSeptemba | Ogu lwePacific lweMexico neCentral America |
| I-Central North Pacific | KuJune 1 kuya kuNovember 30 | July kuya kuSeptemba | IHawaii |
| I-Western North Pacific | Unyaka wonke | July kuya ku-October, kakhulu ku-August neSeptemba | IPhilippines, iJapan, iTaiwan, iningizimu nempumalanga yeChina, iHong Kong, iMacao, iVietnam, iSouth Korea, iGuam, iNorthern Mariana Islands, iMicronesia, iPalau |
| I-North Indian Ocean | Izizini ezimbili: cishi April kuya kuJune, no-October kuya kuDisemba | Meyi, noOctober kuya kuNovember | I-India, iBangladesh, iMyanmar, iSri Lanka, iPakistan, iOman, iYemen, iSomalia |
| I-Southwest Indian Ocean | Cishi November kuya kuApril | January kuya kuMarch | I-Madagascar, iMozambique, iMauritius, iRéunion, iComoros, iMayotte, iSeychelles |
| Isifunda sase-Australia | November 1 kuya kuApril 30 | January kuya kuMarch | I-Queensland, iNorthern Territory, iWestern Australia, iPapua New Guinea, iTimor-Leste, i-Indonesia |
| I-South Pacific | November kuya kuApril | January kuya kuMarch | I-Fiji, iVanuatu, iNew Caledonia, iSamoa, iTonga, iSolomon Islands, iCook Islands, iFrench Polynesia, iNew Zealand (njengeziphepho ezibuthaka) |
I-western North Pacific isifunda esiphatheka kakhulu, nesiphepho izinyanga eziningi zonyaka. Isevisi yesimo sezulu yePhilippines, i-PAGASA, ilindele cishi amasayikloni atropiki angu-20 angene esifundeni sayo sombopho unyaka ojwayelekile. Ku-north Indian Ocean, iziphepho zibumbeka kakhulu ngaphambi nangemva kwemonsuni yehlobo, ngakho abantu lapho balungiselela kabili ngonyaka.
Ikhasi lethu lamathayifuni, amasayikloni, namahurikheni emhlabeni wonke lichaza obani abibikezela isifunda ngasinye nendlela izexwayiso zisebenza ngayo lapho.
Lapho isizini ye-Atlantic ifika esiqongweni¶
Iziphepho eziningi ze-Atlantic zibumbeka engxenyeni yesibili yesizini. Isiqongo sihamba kusuka ku-August kuya ku-October, namasonto amatasa kakhulu kuSeptemba, ekwindla eliphelayo, lapho ulwandle lushisa kakhulu.
| Inyanga | Umsebenzi ojwayelekile e-Atlantic |
|---|---|
| June no-July | Iziphepho ezimbalwa, kaningi ezibuthaka, zivamise zibumbeke eduze nomhlaba e-Gulf of Mexico noma eCaribbean entshonalanga |
| August | Umsebenzi ukhula ngesheshe, ikakhulukazi engxenyeni yokugcina yenyanga |
| September | Isiqongo sesizini, iziphepho eziningi kakhulu futhi eziningi zamandla kakhulu |
| October | Isasebenza, kugxilwe eCaribbean nase-Gulf of Mexico |
| November | Kuthule kakhudlwana, kodwa amahurikheni asenzeka |
Iziphepho zesizini yokuqala zivamise zilethe imvula enkudlwana ngaphezu komoya onamandla, futhi zingabumbeka zifinyelele emhlabeni ngaphakathi kosuku noma izimbili. Iziphepho zesizini yokugcina ku-October no-November zingaba namandla amakhulu kakhulu, ikakhulukazi eCaribbean entshonalanga nase-Central America.
Izinyanga zesiqongo ziyisibonisi sokunamathuba kangakanani iziphepho, hhayi ukuthi ikhaya lakho linamathuba angakanani okushaywa. Unyaka othule ungase usalethe isiphepho edolobheni lakho. Hlela ingozi yakho, hhayi isilinganiso.
Iziphepho zingabumbeka ngaphandle kwesizini¶
Izinsuku ziyisibonisi, hhayi umthetho. Iziphepho ze-Atlantic zabumbeka ngoMeyi, nase-western Pacific, amathayifuni angabumbeka noma kuyiphi inyanga. Amanzi ashisa awubheki ikhalenda.
Ungabeki izinsiza zakho uma isizini iphela, futhi ungalindi usuku lokuqala lwesizini ukuqala unake. Gcina ikhithi eyisisekelo unyaka wonke, uhlole isibikezelo noma inini inkampani yakho yesizwe yesimo sezulu noma i-National Hurricane Center (NHC) iphawula isistim.
Obani basengozini¶
Izihlengi. Izihlengi ezincane eCaribbean, ePacific, nase-Indian Ocean zingashaywa esifundeni sazo sonke ngasikhathi sinye. Usizo oluvela ngaphandle lungathatha izinsuku, ngoba amazibuko nama-airport angavalwa. Hlela ukuzinakekela isikhathi eside kunezinsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala, ugcine amanzi nemithi engeziwe.
Ogu oluphansi namadelta emfula. Izindawo njengogu lweBay of Bengal lweBangladesh ne-India, i-Mekong Delta, ugu lweGulf of Mexico, nama-atoll aphansi kubhekana nengozi ephezulu kakhulu yokukhuphuka kwamanzi. Yazi isiyingi sakho sokubalekiswa nendawo yakho ephezulu eseduzane noma isiphephelo sesayikloni. Ikhasi lethu lamakukhuphuka kwamanzi lichaza kungani amanzi angahamba kude kangaka.
Izintaba namagquma. EPhilippines, eTaiwan, eJapan, eHaiti, eCentral America, eMadagascar, nezindaweni eziningi ezinye, imvula enkudlwana emhlabathini onemigogo emikhulu ibangela izikhukhula nezidumo zamatshe kude nolwandle. Lokhu kaningi yingozi eyinhloko, ngisho evela kuziphepho ezibuthaka.
Amadolobha. Amadolobha amakhulu njengeManila, iHong Kong, iMumbai, iMiami, naseHavana abhekana nemigwaqo ekhukhulane, ukucima kwagesi, nomonakalo womoya ekuphakameni. Abantu abaningi emadolobheni abanamoto, ngakho hlela indlela ozohamba ngayo ngezinyawo noma ngokuthutha komphakathi. Bona izindlu eziphakeme.
Abantu abahlala emakhaya alula. Amakhaya ahambahamba, amakhalavani, imizi engahleliwe, namakhaya ezinkuni elulazi noma ensimbi kuyizona zokuqala ezihluleka emoyeni onamandla. Uma leli yikhaya lakho, hlela lapho uzoya khona ngaphambi kokuba isizini iqale.
Ngezingozi, izikhungo, nezaziso lapho uhlala, bona ikhasi lakho losizo lwasendaweni.
Kwi-United States¶
Ugu lweGulf of Mexico, kusuka eTexas kuya eLouisiana, eMississippi, e-Alabama, nase-Florida, lubona ukufika emhlabeni okujwayelekile, futhi amanzi alo amancane enza ukukhuphuka kwamanzi kube kubi kakhulu. Ugu lwe-Atlantic lusengozini kusuka eFlorida kuya eMaine.
IPuerto Rico neUS Virgin Islands zisendleleni yeziphepho eziwela e-Atlantic. IHawaii ibhekana namahurikheni e-Central ne-Eastern Pacific, kakhulu kusuka ngoJulayi kuya kuSeptemba. IGuam, iNorthern Mariana Islands, ne-American Samoa zibhekana namathayifuni namasayikloni.
Kungani izindawo zangaphakathi zinengozi futhi¶
Umonakalo wesiphepho awumi ogwini. Imvula ingabangela izikhukhula amakhilomitha ayinhlanganyela (amamaili ayinhlanganyela) kude lapho isiphepho safika emhlabeni, futhi kaningi ibangela umonakalo omkhulu izinsuku ngemva kokufika kwemhlabeni kunamahora okuqala. Amazibhunguzane evela emabhendini angaphandle emvula nawo afinyelela kude ngaphakathi.
Umoya onamandla ungahlala uyingozi ngaphakathi kakhulu, ikakhulukazi eziphephweni ezihamba ngesheshe. Ukucima kwagesi kungamboza izindawo ezinkudlwana, ngezinye izikhathi isihlengi sonke noma isifunda sonke. Uma uhlala noma ikuphi isiphepho singafinyelela, ngisho kude nolwandle, unayo ingozi ethize. Ikhasi lethu lezingozi zehurikheni](hazards.md) lichaza izikhukhula nezidumo zamatshe zangaphakathi.
Nquma uhlelo lwakho lwesizini¶
Sebenzisa lemibuzo ukunquma okufanele wenze kuqala. Izimpendulo zakho zincike lapho uhlala, hhayi kukhalenda.
- Ngikusiyingi sokukhuphuka kwamanzi noma endaweni ephansi? Uma kunjalo, funda isiyingi sakho sokubalekiswa nendlela ngaphambi kwenoma yini enye.
- Ngihlala ekhaya elihambahamba, ikhalavani, noma indlu elula? Uma kunjalo, hlela ukuhamba kunoma luphi uhurikheni, unqume manje lapho uzoya khona.
- Ngingaba ngaphandle kosizo lwangaphandle isonto? Uma kunjalo, ikhithi lakho lezinsiza libaluleke ngaphezu kwakhona. Bona uhlu lwezinsiza.
- Nginabantu noma izilwane ezidinga usizo olwengeziwe? Uma kunjalo, zihlele manje. Bona abadala nabantu abakhubazekile nekhithi lesimo esiphuthumayo lesilwane sasekhaya.
Ukuhamba ngesikhathi sesizini¶
Uma uhlela ukuhamba uye noma usuka esifundeni esibanjwa iziphepho ngesikhathi sesizini yaso, hlola isibikezelo ngaphambi kokubhuka. Khetha amathikithi aguquguqukayo uma ukwazi, ubuze inkampani yakho yezindiza noma umsebenzisi wesikebhe indlela aphatha ngayo ukukhanselwa. Gcina umthombo osemthethweni wokuxwayisa wendawo oya kuyo kufoni yakho, ufunde izivakashi nabavakashi ngaphambi kokuhamba.
Uhlu lokuhlola lokuqala kwesizini¶
Yenza lezi zinto unyaka ngawunye, inyanga ngaphambi kokuba isizini yakho iqale: ngoMeyi nge-Atlantic ne-eastern Pacific, ngo-April futhi ngoSeptemba nge-north Indian Ocean, ngo-October esifundeni saseningizimu, noma ngaso sonke isikhathi esizolile se-western Pacific. Thinta ngayinye njengoba uyiqeda.
- Hlola isiyingi sakho yokubalekiswa ubhale phansi. Bona izindawo zokubalekiswa.
- Buyekeza noma wenze uhlelo lomndeni wakho, kuhlanganise lapho uzoya khona nendlela yokuxhumana nomunye nomunye.
- Hlola ikhithi lakho lezinsiza, ushintshe ukudla, amanzi, amabhethri, nemithi yokuphelile.
- Buyisela ibhegi yakho yesimo esiphuthumayo, ubuyekeze ikhophi zamaphepha abalulekile.
- Buyekeza umshuwalense wakho, uma unawo, uthathe izithombe zekhaya lakho nempahla yakho. Bona amaphepha nomshuwalense.
- Hlola umsakazo wakho webhethri ufake amabhethri amasha.
- Vula izexwayiso zesimo esiphuthumayo kufoni yakho, ubhalise izexwayiso zohulumeni wakho wendawo noma isikhungo sesizwe senhlekelele, uma zikhona.
- Funda amazinga wesexwayiso izwe lakho elisebenzisa. Bona izexwayiso vs izaziso.
- Gcoba izihlahla ulungise uphahla olulula, izitshingo, ama-gutter, nokubiyela. Bona lungisa ikhaya lakho.
- Buyisela ikhithi lakho lesimo esiphuthumayo lesilwane sasekhaya, uthole lapho izindawo zokukhosela noma amahhotela avumela izilwane.
- Khuluma nezihlobo noma omakhelwane abadala abangadinga usizo. Bona abadala nabantu abakhubazekile.
- Uma imali incike, thenga izinto eyodwa noma ezimbili ngesonto esikhundleni sokuzithenga zonke ngasikhathi sinye. Bona ukulungiselela ngesabelomali esincane.
Yenze ngaphambi kwesiphepho sokuqala
Izitolo ziphela amanzi, amabhethri, nezinsiza zokwakha ngesheshe uma isiphepho sibonakala esibikezelweni. Ukuthenga kusenesikhathi kusho akukho ukulinda, akukho ama-shelves angenalutho, nesikhathi sokusakaza izindleko.
Uma isizini isiqalile¶
Ungami ukuqeda uhlu lonke. Qala nezinto ezintathu zokuqala: isiyingi sakho yokubalekiswa, uhlelo lomndeni wakho, namanzi akho. Bese uqhubeke uhlu amasonto ambalwa ezayo. Uma isiphepho sisabumbeka, shintshela kuisibalo sesikhathi kusuka ezinsukwini ezi-5 kuya kusuku 1 uqede okunye ngemva kwesidlule.
Amaphutha ajwayelekile¶
- Ukulinda isiphepho esiqanjiwe ngaphambi kokuthenga amanzi, amabhethri, noma uphethiloli. Ngaleso sikhathi ama-shelves avamise angenalutho.
- Ukucabanga ukuthi isizini ethule kusho uphephile. Isiphepho esisodwa sanele, futhi inyanga ethule ingaphela ngesisodwa esinamandla.
- Ukusebenzisa izinsuku zolwandle olunye. IPacific, I-Indian Ocean, ne-Atlantic ngalunye lunesizini salo.
- Ukweqa ubuyekezo ngemva konyaka omuhle noma omubi. Ukulungiswa, ukuthuthela, amalunga amasha omndeni, nohlelo lwefoni oluguquliwe konke kushintsha okudingayo, ngakho hamba ohlwini unyaka ngawunye.