Ukuphepha kokudla namanzi ngemva kwesiphepho¶

Ukudla okonakele namanzi angaphephile kugulisa abantu abaningi ngemva kweziphepho, amathayifuni, namasayikloni, futhi ukugula lokhu kungenakuvinjelwa kakhulu. Leli khasi likusiza unqume ukudla okuzogcina nokuzolahla, ukwenza amanzi aphephe ukuphuzwa uma umpompi ungaphephile, nokondla izingane ezincane nezingane ngokuphepha ngenkathi izinsiza zicishiwe.

Ukwenze izinto ezintathu kuphela¶

1. Gcina ifriji nefrisa zivaliwe. Ukudla okufrijiwe akusaphephile ngemva kwamahora cishe 4 ngaphandle kagesi ngaphandle uma kuhlale kupholile ngeqhwa.
2. Lahla noma yikuphi ukudla okuthintiwe amanzi esikhukhula, ungaze unambithe ukudla ukuhlola. Uma ungaqiniseki, lahla.
3. Kuze izikhulu zisho amanzi ampompi aphephile, phuza amanzi ebhodleleni, noma ubilise amanzi okubila okuqhubekayo umzuzu 1 (imizuzu 3 ngaphezu kwama-1,000 amamitha, ama-3,300 amafuthi).

Yenza amanzi aphephe ukuphuzwa¶

Ngemva kwesiphepho, thathisa ukuthi amanzi ampompi, amanzi omtapo, amathangi emvula, namadamu angaphephile kuze inkampani yakho yamanzi noma izikhulu zezempilo zendawo zisho okuhlukile. Izikhukhula zisunduza indle, indle yezilwane, namakhemikhali emithombo yamanzi, futhi amanzi angabukeka ahlanzeke ngokuphelele. Uma ucindezelo lwamanzi luncipha, njengokungenzeka ngenkathi ugesi ucishe noma ipayipi elikhulu liphuka, amanzi angaphandle angangena emapayipini ngama-crack namajoyinti axegayo.

Ukwenza amanzi aphephe kunezingxenye ezintathu: khetha umthombo ohlanzeke kakhulu, susa udaka, bese ubulala amagciwane. Ukubilisa nebhulicho kubulala amagciwane, kodwa akususi udaka noma amakhemikhali. Qala ngamanzi ahlanzeke kakhulu ongawathola.

Amanzi awokusebenzisa kuqala¶

Iqhwa, izinoketshezi evela kumshini, namanzi evela ku-ice maker ekhukhulane konke kuthathwa njengokungaphephile kuze amanzi akhiqizwe kuwo aphephile.

Ukubilisa amanzi: indlela engcono kakhulu¶

Ukubilisa kuyindlela elula kakhulu uma unophethiloli nepoto. Sebenzisa ipoto enesivalo ukuze amanzi ashisiswe ngesheshe.

• Uma amanzi anyakazisa, awavumele acwile bese ukhipha amanzi ahlanzekile, noma uhlunge ngendwangu ehlanzekile, iphepha, noma isihlungi sekhofi.
• Awashiswe kuze abile kakhulu, lapho amabhamuza ahlale aqhubeka, uwagcine isimo lesi umzuzu 1.
• Ngaphezu kwama-1,000 amamitha (ama-3,300 amafuthi), bilisa imizuzu 3.
• Avumele apholile, bese uwagcina ezinqolobaneni ezihlanzekile ezinezivalo eziqinile. Bhala usuku kwinqolobane ngayinye.
• Ukuthuthukisa ukunambitheka okufile, thulula amanzi ngokubuyelana phakathi kwezinqolobane ezimbili ezihlanzekile, noma ufake usawoti oncane ngelitha (ikhwata 1) uma apholile.

Ukubilisa kusebenzisa uphethiloli nesikhathi, ngakho hlela ngaloko. Bilisa okwanele amahora ambalwa, hhayi inkomishi eyodwa ngasikhathi. Amanzi amanye ashiswa ngenkathi ubila, ngakho qala ngokuningi okuncane okwengeziwe.

Bulala amagciwane ngebhulicho uma ungakwazi ukubilisa¶

Sebenzisa ibhulicho lasendlini elilula, elingenaphunga. Hlola ilebula ngaphansi kwe-"active ingredient" ngokunamandla kwe-sodium hypochlorite, okuvamise ukuba ama-5 kuya ku-9 percent. Uma ilebula inemiyalelo yamanzi okuphuzwa, yilandele.

Ungasebenzisi ibhulicho elinephunga, elivikela umbala, elingaphaphazeli, noma elinezihlanzisi ezengeziwe. Imikhiqizo leyo inezinye izinto ongafanele uziphuze.

Leli thebula lisebenza kuphela kwibhulicho elisebingeni lika-5 kuya ku-9 percent. Uma ibhulicho lakho linamandla ahlukile, ungaqagele kusuka kuleli thebula. Landela ilebula noma isikhungo sakho sezempilo sesizwe. Umhlahlandlela wethu wezinsiza zamanzi ukhuluma ngebhulicho, amaphilisi, nezihlungi ngokucacisa kakhudlwana.

• Hlunga noma uvumele amanzi acwile kuqala uma anyakazisa.
• Faka ibhulicho. Uma amanzi anyakazisa noma anombala, phindaphinde isamba.
• Nkenketha kahle ulinde okungenani imizuzu 30 ngaphambi kokuphuza.
• Nuka amanzi. Afanele anuke incane ngeklorini. Uma kungenjalo, faka isamba esifanayo futhi ulinde imizuzu 15 eyengeziwe.
• Uma asanganuke iklorini, alahle futhi uthole umthombo omunye.

Amaphilisi namaconsi okuhlanza amanzi asebenza futhi. Landela ipakheji, ngoba umkhiqizo ngamunye wenza amanzi esamba ehlukile futhi udinga isikhathi sokulinda esihlukile. Imikhiqizo yeiodine ayifanele abesifazane abakhulelwe, abantu abanenkinga yethyroid, noma ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside.

Ukuhlola okusheshayo ngaphambi kokuphuza¶

Sebenzisa lolu hlu uma ungaqiniseki ngomthombo wamanzi.

• Kuvela ebhodleleni elivaliwe? Uma yebo, aphuze.
• Avela esikhukhuleni, emfuleni, echibini, noma emanzini amile? Uma yebo, ungawaphuzi, ngaphezu kwemva kokubulawa amagciwane.
• Avela empompini, umtapo, noma ithangi? Uma yebo, abilise noma ubulale amagciwane, uhlole isaziso sokubilisa amanzi.
• Anuka uphethiloli, amakhemikhali, noma indle, noma abukeka enamafutha? Uma yebo, ungawasebenzisi.

Izaziso zokubilisa amanzi¶

Isaziso sokubilisa amanzi esivela kuyinkampani yamanzi yakho kusho ukuthi amanzi ampompi angase aphathe amagciwane. Isaziso sivuleleni amanzi asetshenziswa:

• Ukuphuza, nokwenza izinoketshezi, iqhwa, nefomula yomntwana
• Ukupheka nokuhlanza ukudla
• Ukugeza amazinyo
• Ukugeza izitsha, ngaphandle uma uzihlambulula emanzini abiliswa noma abulawe amagciwane

Uvamise ukuba nakho ukugeza noma ukushowa, kodwa gcina amanzi kude nomlomo wakho. Nikeza izingane ezincane nezingane umgezo wespunji esikhundleni sokugeza egumbini. Lahla iqhwa elenziwe ngemva kokuba isaziso siqale.

Qhubeka ulandele isaziso kuze izikhulu zisikhiphe. Izinkampani zamanzi zivamise ukusikhipha ngemva kokuhlola amanzi athole ukuthi aphephile, kaningi ngokuhlolwa kabili usuku behlukene. Izinye izinkampani bese zicela amakhasimende aphumisele umpompi obandayo imizuzu embalwa ukuhlambulula amapayipi. Landela imiyalelo yenkampani yakho, hhayi ukuqagela kwomakhelwane.

Isikhathi ukudla okuhlala kuphephile ngaphandle kagesi¶

Isibonelo siqala ugesi ucimile. Bhala isikhathi phansi ukuze ungaqagelisi kamuva. Gcina iminyango yefriji nefrisa ivaliwe, uhlole isikhathi uma uyivula.

Ithemometha efrijini nefrisa isusa ukuqagela. Izinga lokushisa eliphephile ngu-4°C (40°F) noma ngaphansi efrijini noma -18°C (0°F) noma ngaphansi efrisa. Thenga ithemometha yomshini ngaphambi kwesizini yeziphepho uyishiye ngaphakathi kweyunithi ngayinye.

Iqhwa ligcina ukudla kubanda. Gcwalisa isixhasi iqhwa noma amabhodlela amanzi afrizwa, uwugcine emthunzini. Iqhwa elimnyama lingasha isikhumba futhi lidinga umoya, ngakho liphathe ngamagilavu, ungalivale endaweni encane.

Ukudla kwefriji: ukugcina noma ukulahla¶

Lahla ukudla okonakalayo okungasele okungaphezu kuka-4°C (40°F) amahora 2 noma ngaphezu, noma okunuka, okubukeka, noma okuzwakala kungajwayelekile. Ukudla kungaphatha amagciwane abangela ukugula kodwa kubukeke futhi kunuke kahle.

Ikholomu "ivamise kuhlale" ithatha ukuthi ukudla kuhlale kumapakheji wakhona angonakalile. Uma ijar noma ibhodlela livuliwe noma lonakele, phatha njengokonakalayo.

Amaphutha ajwayelekile ngokudla kwefriji¶

• Ukuvula ifriji "nje ukuhlola" ebusuku bokuqala. Ukuvula ngakunye kukhipha umoya opholile.
• Ukucabanga ukuthi ukudla kulungile ngoba kwalala kupholile ugesi ucimile. Isibonelo siqhubeka sihamba.
• Ukugcina isitsha sokuseli ukudla kamuva. Ukudla okuphekiwe okushiywa ekushisweni kwegumbi akusaphephile ukukuhlala.
• Ukulahla ukudla okusaphephile, njengamashizi aqinile noma ibhatha engavuliwe. Sebenzisa ithebula ngenhla.

Ukudla kwefrisa¶

Uma ugesi ubuya, hlola into ngayinye. Ukudla okusenamakristal weqhwa, noma okukumazinga ka-4°C (40°F) noma ngaphansi, kungafrizwa futhi noma kuphekwe. Kungase kulahlekelwe ikhwalithi encane, kodwa kuphephile.

Lahla ukudla okufriziwe okuncibilika futhi kwahlala ngaphezu kuka-4°C (40°F) ngaphezu kwamahora 2. Uma ungaqiniseki, kulahle. Inyama encibilikiwe ebukeka futhi inukeka njengejwayelekile iseyingozi uma yahlala ishisa isikhathi eside.

Uma wazi ukuthi isiphepho sisondela, gcwalisa isikhala esivulekile sefrisa ngama-container amanzi. Iqhwa ligcina ukudla kubanda isikhathi eside, futhi kuba amanzi okuphuza njengoba kuncibilika. Shiya isikhala esincane ukuthi amanzi akhuphuke, noma icontainer lingaqhuma.

Ukudla okuthintiwe amanzi esikhukhula¶

Amanzi esikhukhula aphatha indle, uphethiloli, namakhemikhali. Lahla noma yikuphi ukudla okuwathintayo, nokudla okumapakheji okungeyivikele amanzi ngokuphelele:

• Izithelo nemifino eluhlaza evela esivandeni noma esivandeni esikhukhulane
• Ukudla kumakhadibhodi, iphepha, amasaka weplastiki, noma amabhokisi, kuhlanganise umcereal, impushana, amabhokisi ejusi, nebhokisi yefomula
• Amajar namabhodlela anezivalo ezizunguza, izivalo ezicindezela, amakepi ashayiwe, noma amakepi azunguzayo, kuhlanganise ukudla okugcinwa ekhaya
• Amakani enxebe, amavuvu, anogwayi, noma avuvuzayo, noma avuliwe
• Amasaka ayigumba, ngaphandle uma umenzi noma isikhungo sakho sesizwe sokuphepha kokudla sithi isaka lingahlanzwa futhi ligcinwe

Amakani ensimbi avaliwe futhi angenazo amathuba angaphepha uma uwahlanzile. Amanzi esikhukhula angangena ngaphansi kwezivalo nasezijoyintini, ngakho ikani elibukeka lilungile lingase liphinde liphathe amagciwane. Uma ikani uthandabuza, lilahle.

Indlela yokuhlanza amakani¶

• Khipha amalebula, bese ubhala okukhona nosuku lwokuphela esebenzeni ekanini ngepeni.
• Hlikihla udaka, bese uwasha ngensipho namanzi ahlanzekile unhlambulule.
• Bulala amagciwane ngendlela eyodwa yezimbili. Faka amakani imizuzu 15 kuxube inkomishi 1 (cishi ama-250 mL) yebhulicho elingenaphunga kumagalani 5 (cishi amalitha 19) amanzi ahlanzekile. Noma ubilise amakani emanzini ahlanzekile imizuzu 2.
• Avumele azome emoyeni, usebenzise ukudla ngesheshe nawukwazi.

Izinto zekhishini¶

Lahla amabhodi omangcwele wezinkuni, izipunu zezinkuni, izinto zeplastiki, ama-nipples webhodlela lomntwana, namadummies athintwa amanzi esikhukhula. Angekwazi ukuhlanzwa ngokuphelele.

Washa izitsha zensimbi, izitsha zekhilimu, nezinto zensimbi ngensipho namanzi ashisayo. Bese ubulala amagciwane ngokubilisa emanzini ahlanzekile, noma ngokufaka imizuzu 15 kusixube sebhulicho esifanayo esisetshenziswayo kumakani. Avumele azome emoyeni ngaphambi kokusisebenzisa.

Ukupheka ngokuphepha ngaphandle kagesi¶

Ukupheka ngaphandle kagesi kuyingozi kakhulu ngenxa yomusi wophethiloli. Ukudla okungapheki kahle ingozi yesibili.

• Pheka ngaphandle kuphela, kude kakhulu endlini, ungalokothi egaraji, kuveranda evaliwe, noma ngaphansi kwecarport.
• Pheka inyama, inyama yenkukhu, nofishi ngendlela ephelele. Ithemometha yokudla iyindlela ethembekile kakhulu yokuhlola.
• Dla ukudla okuphekiwe ngqo, ungagcine ukuseli ngaphandle kokugcina kupholile.
• Sebenzisa amanzi ebhodleleni noma abiliswa ukupheka nokuhlanza izithelo nemifino.
• Gcina inyama eluhlaza kude nokudla okungapheki. Sebenzisa amapuleti nemimese ehlukene.
• Geza izandla ngaphambi nangemva kokuphatha inyama eluhlaza.

Amagrili nezitovu zekamu zenza ikhabhoni monoksayidi, elibulala emizuzwini ngaphakathi. Bona ukuphepha kwejenereta nekhabhoni monoksayidi.

Ukudla okudinga ukupheka okuncane noma akudingi¶

Hlela imisebenzi yokudla embalwa engadingi ukushisa nhlobo. Ufishi okumakani, obhontshisi obukwamakani obuhlanziwe, uphinandi webhathane, ama-cracker, izithelo zomile, izinqolo, nama-canned soups asetshenziswa khona kwenza isisekelo esihle. Gcina isivuli samakani sesandla ekhithini, ngoba awagesi ayeka ukusebenza. Pakisha ukudla okwanele okungenani izinsuku ezintathu, uphendule njengoba izinsuku zokuphela zisondela.

Ukondla izingane ezincane¶

Izingane ezincane zigula ngamanzi angaphephile ngesheshe kunabadala, ngakho izinqumo ozenza ngengane zibaluleke kakhulu.

• Uma uncelisa, qhubeka. Kuyindlela ephephe kakhulu yokondla ingane yakho ngemva kwesiphepho.
• Ifomula yoketshezi elilungele ukuphuzwa idinga amanzi angekho futhi iyindlela ephephe kakhulu lapho amanzi engaphephile. Gcina amakani noma amabhodlela ambalwa ekhithini.
• Xuba impushana yefomula ngamanzi ebhodleleni kuphela, noma amanzi abiliswa abuye apholile.
• Washa amabhodlela nama-nipples ngamanzi ebhodleleni noma abiliswa, noma usebenzise amabhodlela alahlwayo.
• Ifomula elungiselwe engagcinwe efrijini kufanele isetshenziswe ngaphakathi kwamahora 2 ngemva kokuxuba. Lahla okungasalwayo ngumntwana ngemva kokondlwa.

Ungaze wengeze amanzi efomula ukuyenza yenele. Ifomula enelwe amanzi ayinikezi umntwana ukudla okwanele. Uma usele kancane, cela usizo kwisisebenzi sezempilo noma ikliniki.

Bona izingane ezincane nezingane ngohlu lwezinsiza.

Ukugeza izandla¶

Ukugula kwesisu okuningi ngemva kwesiphepho kubhebhezelwa izandla. Geza ngensipho namanzi aphephile okungenani imizuzu 20 ngaphambi kokudla noma ukupheka, ngemva kokusebenzisa i-toilet, ngemva kokushintsha izinapukeni, nangemva kokuthinta amanzi esikhukhula noma izibi.

Uma amanzi ambalwa, setha indawo yokugeza izandla. Sebenzisa isitsha samanzi abulawe amagciwane enompompi, isitsha sokubamba amanzi, nensipho. Isibulala-magciwane sezandla esinoketshezi lamandla okungenani ama-60 percent isebenza uma izandla zingangcolile ngokubonakala. Asisebenzi kahle ezandleni ezinamafutha noma udaka, ngakho zigeze ngensipho namanzi kuqala.

Izimpawu zokugula okuvela kukudla noma amanzi¶

Uhudo, ukuhlanza, ukuqunjelwa yisisu, nomkhuhlane kungaqala amahora ambalwa noma izinsuku ambalwa ngemva kokudla noma ukuphuza into engaphephile. Ingozi enkulu kakhulu iyikulahlekelwa amanzi amaningi.

• Phuza amanzi aphephile noma usawoti lokuphilisana ngomlomo kaningi, kancane ngasikhathi.
• Thola usizo lwezokwelapha ngqo kuzingane ezincane, izingane, abadala, noma noma ubani okhulelwe noma onesifo esihlala isikhathi eside.
• Thola usizo lwezokwelapha kunoma ubani onegazi encinini, umkhuhlane ophezulu, akachami amahora amaningi, noma ongakwazi ukubamba amanzi.

Ikhasi lethu lezingozi zezempilo ngemva kwesiphepho likhuluma ngezifo ezinye ezilandela izikhukhula, kuhlanganise indlela yokwenza ixube lokuphilisana ngomlomo ekhaya.

Ukugcina amanzi nokudla kwesikhathi esilandelayo¶

Uma ugesi ubuyile futhi amanzi aphephile, sebenzisa okufundile ukuhlela. Gcina okungenani amalitha 4 (igalani 1) amanzi ngomuntu ngosuku ngokuphuza nokuhlanzeka okuyisisekelo, ugcine izinsuku eziningana zokudla okungadingi ukupheka. Gcina amanzi ezinqolobaneni ezihlanzekile ngezivalo eziqinile, kude nokushisa nelanga, uzibuyisele ngokulandela iseluleko somenzi wenqolobane. Umhlahlandlela wezinsiza zamanzi nokudla unemininingwane yokugcina.

Imihlahlandlela ehlobene¶

• Amanzi nokudla
• Amahora angu-72 okuqala ngemva kwesiphepho
• Ukuqhubeka nokuqunywa kagesi okude
• Izingozi zezempilo ngemva kwesiphepho
• Izingane ezincane nezingane