Fakamatala ʻo e ngaahi lea ki he afā¶

ʻOku fakamatalaʻi ʻe he fakamatala lea ko ʻeni ʻa e ngaahi lea te ke fanongo ki ai ʻi he ngaahi tala ʻea, fakatokanga, mo e ngaahi tuʻutuʻuni fakapuleʻanga ki he afā, taifuni mo e saikolone. ʻOku tala ʻe he lea taki taha hono ʻuhinga mo hono ʻuhinga kiate koe. ʻOku hokohoko ʻa e ngaahi lea ʻo fakatatau ki he ʻalafapeti ʻo e lea faka-Pilitānia.

Kapau te ke fai pē ha meʻa ʻe tolu¶

1. Ako ʻa e ngaahi lea ʻoku ngāueʻaki ʻe ho potungāue ʻea ki hono ngaahi tuʻunga fakatokanga māʻolunga taha ʻe ua pe tolu. ʻOku fakahingoa kinautolu ʻe ho peesi tokoni fakalotofonua.
2. Manatuʻi ʻe lava ke kehekehe ʻa e ʻuhinga ʻo e fika tatau ʻi he ngaahi fonua kehekehe. ʻOku ʻikai tatau ʻa e Fakaʻilonga Fika 3 ʻi Hongi Kongi mo e Fakaʻilonga Fika 3 ʻi Filipaini.
3. Fakafuofua ʻa e fakatuʻutāmaki ʻo fakatatau ki he fakatokanga pea mo e pe ʻoku ke ʻi ha feituʻu lōmaki pe hake ʻa e tahi, ʻo ʻikai ʻo fakatatau ki he hingoa pe kulupu ʻo e afā.

A ki he C¶

Fanongonongo (Advisory)¶

Ko ha fakafoʻou fakapuleʻanga kuo palani ki ha afā ʻoku lolotonga hoko. ʻOku ʻoatu ʻe he ngaahi fanongonongo ʻa e NHC ʻa e feituʻu ʻo e afā, mālohi, hala ʻoku tala ʻea, mo ha ngaahi tokanga pe fakatokanga ʻoku ngāue. ʻOku ui ia ʻe he ngaahi senitā tala ʻea kehe ko e bulletin pe warning.

Ngaahi lanu fakatokanga (Alert colors)¶

ʻOku ngāueʻaki ʻe ha ngaahi fonua lahi ʻa e ngaahi lanu ke fakahaaʻi ʻa e mamafa ʻo ha fakatokanga afā. ʻOku kamata ʻa e sikeili SIAT-CT ʻa Mekisikou mei he pulū ki he lanu mata, ʻenga, ʻōlenisi, mo e kulokula. ʻOku hiki ʻa e ngaahi fakatokanga afā ʻa ʻInitia mei he ʻenga ki he ʻōlenisi ki he kulokula, ʻoku ngāueʻaki ʻe Siaina ʻa e pulū, ʻenga, ʻōlenisi, mo e kulokula, pea ʻoku hiki ʻa Réunion mei ha fakatokanga muʻa ʻenga ki he ʻōlenisi, kulokula, mo e vaioleti. ʻOku faʻa ʻuhinga ʻa e kulokula ke ngāue he taimi ni, ka lau maʻu pē ʻa e meʻa ʻoku pehē ʻe ho sisitemi ʻoʻou ʻi he ngaahi afā ʻi māmani.

Feituʻu fatongia (Area of responsibility)¶

Ko e feituʻu moana ʻoku leʻohi mo fakatokanga ki ai ha potungāue ʻea. ʻI Filipaini, ʻoku ʻoange ʻe PAGASA ha hingoa fakalotofonua ki ha afā pē ʻoku hū ki he Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR), ko ia ʻe lava ke ʻi ai ha hingoa ʻe ua ʻo ha taifuni ʻe taha ʻi he taimi tatau.

Australian Warning System (Sisitemi Fakatokanga ʻa ʻAositelēlia)¶

Ko e sikeili fakatokanga tuʻunga ʻe tolu ʻoku ngāueʻaki ʻe he ngaahi sēvesi fakatuʻutāmaki fakasiteiti mo fakatelituli ʻa ʻAositelēlia: Advice, Watch and Act, mo e Emergency Warning. ʻOku tānaki ia ki he ngaahi tokanga mo e fakatokanga afā ʻa e Bureau of Meteorology. Ko ha Emergency Warning ʻoku ʻuhinga ia ke ke ngāue he taimi ni ke maluʻi koe.

Fakafoki ʻa e ʻuhila (Backfeeding)¶

Fokotuʻu ha misini ʻuhila ki ha hūʻanga ʻuhila ʻi he holisi. ʻOku ne ʻave ʻa e ʻuhila ki tuʻa ʻi he ngaahi laine pea ʻe lava ke ne tāmateʻi ha tokotaha ngāue ʻuhila pe kamata ha afi. Fokotuʻu ʻa e ngaahi meʻangāue ki he misini ʻuhila ʻaki ha ngaahi uaea fakalōloa ki tuʻa, pe ngāueʻaki ha suisi fetongi (transfer switch) kuo fokotuʻu ʻe ha tokotaha ngāue ʻuhila laiseni. Vakai ki he malu ʻo e misini ʻuhila.

Kāponi monokisaiti (Carbon monoxide)¶

Ko ha kasa kona mei he ngaahi misini ʻuhila, tunuʻanga, malala, sitou kemi, mo e misini ʻo e meʻalele. ʻOku ʻikai ha nanamu pe lanu pea ʻoku ne tāmateʻi ʻa e kakai ʻi heʻenau mohe hili ʻa e ngaahi afā. Fakalele pē ʻa e ngaahi naunau ʻoku tutu lolo ʻi tuʻa, mita ʻe 6 (fute ʻe 20) ʻi he siʻi taha mei he ngaahi matapā sioʻata, matapā, mo e ngaahi ava ʻea.

Kulupu (Category)¶

Ko ha fika ʻoku ne fakahokohokoʻi ʻa e mālohi ʻo ha afā. ʻOku fakahokohokoʻi ʻe he sikeili Saffir-Simpson ʻoku ngāueʻaki ʻe he NHC ʻa e ngaahi afā mei he 1 ki he 5 ʻo fakatatau ki he matangi tolonga. ʻOku ngāueʻaki foki ʻe ʻAositelēlia mo e Pasifiki Tonga ʻa e Kulupu 1 ki he 5, ka ʻoku makatuʻunga ia ʻi he matangi lele mālohi taha, ko ia ʻoku ʻikai ʻuhinga tatau ʻa e fika tatau. Vakai ki he ngaahi kulupu ʻo e afā.

Cone ʻo e taʻepau (Cone of uncertainty)¶

Ko e fōtunga ʻi ha mape tala ʻea ʻa e NHC ʻoku ne fakahaaʻi ʻa e feituʻu ʻoku ngalingali ʻe ʻalu ki ai ʻa e loto ʻo e afā. ʻOku ʻufiʻufi pē ʻe ia ʻa e loto. ʻOku aʻu mamaʻo ki tuʻa ai ʻa e matangi, ʻuha, mo e hake ʻa e tahi, ko ia ko e ʻi tuʻa ʻi he cone ʻoku ʻikai ʻuhinga ia ʻoku ke malu. Vakai ki he founga ke lau ha tala ʻea.

Fakafuli ʻa e ngaahi laine hala (Contraflow)¶

Ko ha palani fefonongaʻaki ʻoku fakafuli ai ʻe he kau ʻōfisa ʻa e ngaahi laine ʻoku haʻu ki loto ʻi ha hala lahi koeʻuhí ke ʻave ʻe he laine kotoa pē ʻa e fefonongaʻaki ke mamaʻo mei he matātahi. Muimui ki he ngaahi fakaʻilonga mo e kau ʻōfisa. ʻOku liliu ʻa e ngaahi hūʻanga ki tuʻa, pea ʻe lava ke ʻikai te ke lava ʻo tafoki.

Saikolone (Cyclone)¶

Ko e hingoa angamaheni ki ha afā fakatropika ʻi he Moana ʻInitia fakatokelau, Moana ʻInitia fakatonga hihifo, ʻAositelēlia, mo e Pasifiki Tonga. Ko e faʻahinga afā tatau pē ia mo ha hurricane pe taifuni.

Fale hūfanga afā (Cyclone shelter)¶

Ko ha fale mālohi kuo hiki hake ʻi he matātahi ʻoku ʻalu ki ai ʻa e kakai lolotonga ha afā, ʻoku faʻa ko ha ʻapiako ʻi he ngaahi taimi angamaheni. ʻOku angamaheni ia ʻi Pengilātesi mo e matātahi ʻo ʻInitia. ʻAlu ʻi he taimi ʻoku tala atu ai ʻe he kau ʻōfisa pe kau ngāue ʻofa, kimuʻa pea loloto ʻa e vai. Vakai ki he ngaahi fale hūfanga fakapuleʻanga.

Cyclonic storm¶

Ko e hingoa ʻa e India Meteorological Department ki ha afā mo e matangi ʻo e 62 km/h (39 mph) pe lahi ange. ʻOku maʻu ʻe ha afā hano hingoa ʻi he tuʻunga ko ʻeni. Ko e ngaahi tuʻunga mālohi ange ko e severe cyclonic storm, very severe, extremely severe, mo e super cyclonic storm.

D ki he F¶

Depression mo e deep depression¶

Ko e ngaahi tuʻunga vaivai ange kimuʻa ʻi ha cyclonic storm ʻi he Moana ʻInitia fakatokelau. ʻOku ʻikai ha honau hingoa ka ʻe lava ke nau ʻomi ha lōmaki lahi ʻaupito.

Senitā hiki (Evacuation center)¶

Ko ha fale kuo fakaava ko ha fale hūfanga fakapuleʻanga, hangē ko ha ʻapiako, holo, pe fale sipoti. ʻI ha ngaahi fonua ʻe niʻihi, ko ha senitā hiki ko e feituʻu ia ʻoku ke tatali ai ki he ʻosi ʻa e afā, pea ʻoku toki ava ha fale hūfanga ʻamui ange ki he kakai kuo maumau honau ʻapi. Vakai ki he ngaahi fale hūfanga fakapuleʻanga.

Ngaahi tuʻunga hiki (Siapani) (Evacuation levels)¶

Ko e sikeili tuʻunga ʻe 5 ʻoku ngāueʻaki ʻe he ngaahi kolo lalahi mo iiki ʻo Siapani ki he fakamatala ki he hiki. Ko e Tuʻunga 3 ʻoku ʻuhinga ia ʻoku totonu ke mavahe ʻa e kakai taʻumotuʻa mo ha taha pē ʻoku fiemaʻu ha taimi lahi ange. Ko e Tuʻunga 4 ʻoku ʻuhinga ia ʻoku totonu ke mavahe he taimi ni ʻa e tokotaha kotoa ʻi ha feituʻu fakatuʻutāmaki. Ko e Tuʻunga 5 ʻoku ʻuhinga ia ʻoku lolotonga hoko ha fakatamaki pea ʻe ʻikai nai ʻaupito ke tuku.

Feituʻu ke hiki mei ai (Evacuation zone)¶

Ko ha feituʻu kuo fai ʻe he kau ʻōfisa hono mape ʻo fakatatau ki hono fakatuʻutāmaki mei he hake ʻa e tahi ʻi he afā pe lōmaki. ʻOku faʻa ʻoatu ʻa e ngaahi tuʻutuʻuni ʻo fakatatau ki he feituʻu, ko ia ako ʻa e meʻa ʻoku ʻaʻau kimuʻa ʻi he faʻahitaʻu. Vakai ki he ngaahi feituʻu ke hiki mei ai.

Extratropical¶

Ko ha afā kuo mole hono ngaahi ʻulungāanga fakatropika. ʻE lava ke kei ʻi ai hano matangi mālohi ʻo ha afā mo e ʻuha lahi.

Fakatokanga matangi lahi ʻaupito (Extreme wind warning)¶

Ko ha fakatokanga ʻa ʻAmelika ʻoku ʻamanekina ʻa e matangi tolonga ʻo e 185 km/h (115 mph) pe lahi ange ʻi loto ʻi ha houa ʻe taha, ʻo faʻa mei he holisi ʻo e mata ʻo ha afā lahi. Hūfanga leva ʻi ha loki ʻi loto ʻi he fungavaka māʻulalo taha ʻe ʻikai lōmaki, mamaʻo mei he ngaahi matapā sioʻata.

Mata ʻo e afā (Eye)¶

Ko e loto nonga mo faʻa maʻa ʻo ha afā mālohi. ʻOku holo ʻa e matangi lolotonga ʻene ʻosi atu, pea toe foki mai mei he tafaʻaki fehangahangai. Nofo ʻi loto kae ʻoua ke pehē ʻe he kau ʻōfisa kuo ʻosi atu ʻa e afā. Vakai ki he mata ʻo e afā.

Holisi ʻo e mata ʻo e afā (Eyewall)¶

Ko e siakale ʻo e ngaahi ʻuha mo e mana takatakai ʻi he mata. ʻOku ʻi ai ʻa e ngaahi matangi mālohi taha mo e ʻuha lahi taha ʻi he afā.

Lōmaki fakafokifā (Flash flood)¶

Ko ha lōmaki ʻoku hake ʻi loto ʻi ha ngaahi miniti pe houa hili ha ʻuha lahi. ʻE lava ke hoko ia ʻi ha feituʻu mamaʻo mei he matātahi pea ʻi ha ngaahi ʻaho hili hono aʻu ʻa e afā ki he fonua. ʻOua naʻa ke teitei lue pe faʻuli ki he vai lōmaki: ʻe lava ʻe ha vai tafe ʻoku loloto 15 cm (ʻinisi ʻe 6) ʻo fakatōʻi koe, pea ʻe lava ʻe he 30 cm (fute ʻe 1) ʻo tafiʻi ʻo ʻave ʻa e lahi taha ʻo e ngaahi meʻalele. Vakai ki he lōmaki.

Fakatuʻutāmaki lōmaki fakafokifā (Flash flood emergency)¶

Ko e fakatokanga lōmaki mamafa taha ʻa ʻAmelika. ʻOku tātātaha ia pea ʻoku ʻuhinga ʻoku lolotonga hoko ha lōmaki fakaʻauha ʻoku fakamanamana ki he moʻui. Hiki ki ha feituʻu māʻolunga ange he taimi ni.

Fakamatala ʻo e tala ʻea (Forecast discussion)¶

Ko ha nouti tohi nounou mei he kau tala ʻea ʻoku haʻu mo e fanongonongo taki taha ʻa e NHC. ʻOku ne fakamatalaʻi pe ʻoku fēfē ʻenau fakapapauʻi mo e meʻa ʻe lava ke liliu. ʻOku tuku ʻe ha ngaahi potungāue fakafonua lahi ha ngaahi nouti meimei tatau.

G ki he L¶

Matangi mālohi (Gale force winds)¶

Ko e matangi tolonga ʻo e meimei 62 ki he 88 km/h (39 ki he 55 mph). ʻI ʻAositelēlia, ʻoku fekauʻaki ha tokanga pe fakatokanga afā fakatropika mo e taimi ʻe aʻu ai ʻa e matangi mālohi ki he matātahi. ʻOku fakatuʻutāmaki ʻa e ngāue ʻi tuʻa mo e faʻuli ʻi he tuʻunga ko ʻeni.

Fakaʻilonga fakatuʻutāmaki lahi (Great danger signal)¶

Ko e ngaahi fakaʻilonga fakatokanga māʻolunga taha ki he ngaahi uafu ʻoku hiki ʻe he Bangladesh Meteorological Department. ʻOku ngāueʻaki kinautolu ʻe he kakai ʻi he matātahi ko e fakaʻilonga ke ʻalu ki ha fale hūfanga afā ʻi he taimi ʻoku tuʻutuʻuni ai ʻe he puleʻanga.

Matangi lele (Gust)¶

Ko ha angi nounou ʻo e matangi ʻoku mālohi ange ʻi he matangi tolonga. ʻOku haeʻi ʻe he matangi lele ʻa e ngaahi ʻato pea fasi ʻa e ngaahi ʻakau. ʻAmanaki ke nau māʻolunga ange ʻaupito ʻi he matangi tolonga ʻoku tala ʻea.

Vaivai ʻi he vela mo e puke ʻi he vela lahi (Heat exhaustion and heat stroke)¶

Ko e puke ʻi he vela hili ha afā, ʻi he taimi ʻoku ʻikai ha ʻuhila ki he ngaahi meʻa fakaʻea pe ʻea momoko. ʻOku ʻomi ʻe he vaivai ʻi he vela ʻa e kakava lahi, kili momoko mo pipiki, vaivai, mo e ninimo. Ko e puke ʻi he vela lahi, mo e māfana ʻo e sino ʻo e 39.4°C (103°F) pe māʻolunga ange mo e puputuʻu, ko ha fakatuʻutāmaki fakafaitoʻo ia. Vakai ki he malu mei he vela.

Afā (Hurricane)¶

Ko ha afā fakatropika mo e matangi tolonga ʻo e 119 km/h (74 mph) pe lahi ange ʻi he ʻAtalanitiki, Kalipiane, Kulufi ʻo Mekisikou, mo e Pasifiki Fakatokelau fakahahake mo lotoloto.

Matangi ʻo ha afā (Hurricane force winds)¶

Ko e matangi tolonga ʻo e 119 km/h (74 mph) pe lahi ange.

Kau tuli afā (Hurricane hunter)¶

Ko ha kau ngāue vakapuna ʻoku nau puna ki loto ʻi ha afā ke fua hono matangi mo e mamafa ʻo e ʻea. ʻOku fakaleleiʻi ʻe heʻenau fakamatala ʻa e ngaahi tala ʻea.

Fakatokanga afā (Hurricane warning)¶

ʻOku ʻamanekina ʻa e tuʻunga ʻo ha afā. ʻOku tuku ia ʻe he sisitemi ʻa e NHC ʻi he houa nai ʻe 36 kimuʻa ʻi he ʻamanekina ke kamata ʻa e matangi mālohi fakatropika, meimei 63 km/h (39 mph). Fakaʻosi ʻa e ngaahi teuteu pea mavahe kapau ʻoku tala atu ʻe he kau ʻōfisa. Vakai ki he tokanga mo e fakatokanga.

Tokanga afā (Hurricane watch)¶

ʻE lava ke hoko ʻa e tuʻunga ʻo ha afā. ʻOku tuku ia ʻe he sisitemi ʻa e NHC ʻi he houa nai ʻe 48 kimuʻa ʻi he ʻamanekina ke kamata ʻa e matangi mālohi fakatropika. Fakaʻosi hoʻo kato naunau, maluʻi ho ʻapi, pea teuteu ke mavahe.

Lōmaki ʻi loto fonua (Inland flooding)¶

Ko e lōmaki mei he ʻuha lahi ʻi he ngaue ʻa ha afā ʻi ʻolunga ʻi he fonua, ʻi he taimi ʻe niʻihi ʻi ha ngaahi teau ʻo e kilomita (ngaahi teau ʻo e maile) mei he matātahi. ʻE lava ke hokohoko atu hono hake ʻa e ngaahi vaitafe ʻi ha ngaahi ʻaho hili hono taʻofi ʻa e matangi. ʻI ʻAmelika, kuo fakatupu ʻe he lōmaki mei he ʻuha ha mate lahi ange ʻi he afā ʻi ha toe fakatuʻutāmaki ʻi he ngaahi taʻu fakamuimui ni.

Aʻu ʻa e afā ki he fonua (Landfall)¶

ʻI he taimi ʻoku kolosi ai ʻa e loto ʻo e afā ʻi he matātahi. ʻOku aʻu mai ʻa e matangi, ʻuha, mo e hake ʻa e tahi fakatuʻutāmaki ʻi ha ngaahi houa kimuʻa ʻi he aʻu ki he fonua pea hokohoko atu ʻi ha taimi lōloa hili ia.

Holo ʻa e kelekele (Landslide)¶

Ko e kelekele, maka, mo e pelepela ʻoku holo hifo ʻi ha tafungofunga, ʻo faʻa hili ha ngaahi ʻaho ʻo e ʻuha lahi. Ko e ngaahi mafahifahi ʻi he kelekele, ngaahi ʻakau ʻoku tafoki, mo e ngaahi vaitafe ʻoku pelepela ko e ngaahi fakaʻilonga fakatokanga ia. Vakai ki he ngaahi afā fuoloa mo e ngaahi ʻaho ʻo e ʻuha.

Lepitosipailosisi (Leptospirosis)¶

Ko ha mahaki ʻoku mafola ʻi he mimi ʻo e kumā mo e ngaahi manu kehe ʻi he vai lōmaki mo e pelepela. ʻOku hū ia ʻi he ngaahi kafo mo e mata, ihu, mo e ngutu. Ko e mofi, langa ʻulu, mo e mamahi ʻa e kahoaʻivaʻe ʻi ha ngaahi ʻaho pe uike hili ha lōmaki ʻoku fiemaʻu ai ha toketā. Vakai ki he ngaahi fakatuʻutāmaki ki he moʻui lelei hili ha afā.

Feituʻu mamafa ʻea māʻulalo (Low pressure area)¶

Ko ha feituʻu ʻoku māʻulalo ange ai ʻa e mamafa ʻo e ʻea ʻoku tokangaʻi ʻe he kau tala ʻea koeʻuhí ʻe lava ke tupu ko ha afā. ʻI Filipaini mo ʻInitia, ko e "LPA" pe "low" ʻoku faʻa ko e lea ʻuluaki ia te ke fanongo ki ai fekauʻaki mo ha afā ʻoku haʻu.

M ki he P¶

Afā lahi (Major hurricane)¶

Ko ha afā ʻo e Kulupu 3 pe māʻolunga ange ʻi he sikeili Saffir-Simpson, mo e matangi tolonga ʻo e 178 km/h (111 mph) pe lahi ange. ʻOku kei fakatuʻutāmaki pē ʻa e Kulupu 1 mo e 2.

Tuʻutuʻuni fakamālohi ke hiki (Mandatory evacuation)¶

Ko ha tuʻutuʻuni mei he kau ʻōfisa ʻoku pau ke mavahe ʻa e tokotaha kotoa ʻi ha feituʻu. ʻE lava ke ʻikai aʻu atu ʻa e kau fakahaofi kiate koe ʻi he taimi kuo aʻu mai ai ʻa e afā, ko ia mavahe ʻi he taimi ʻoku ʻoatu ai ʻa e tuʻutuʻuni. Vakai ki he hiki pe nofo.

NOAA Weather Radio¶

Ko ha netiueka ʻo e ngaahi sitēsoni letiō ʻi ʻAmelika ʻoku fakalele ʻe he National Weather Service ʻoku ne fakaongo ʻa e ngaahi fakatokanga ʻi he ʻaho mo e pō. ʻI he ngaahi fonua kehe, muimui ki ho potungāue ʻea fakafonua mo e letiō fakapuleʻanga. Vakai ki he ngaahi link fakapuleʻanga.

Māsima inu fakafoki vai (Oral rehydration salts)¶

Ko ha ngaahi kato māsima mo e suka ʻoku ke fio mo ha vai malu ke faitoʻo ʻaki ʻa e fakalele mo e kakava lahi. Fio tonu kinautolu ʻo hangē ko ia ʻoku tala ʻi he kato. Vakai ki he tokoni vave mo e ngaahi faitoʻo.

Ngaahi fāʻahi ʻi tuʻa (Outer bands)¶

Ko e ngaahi fāʻahi ʻo e ʻuha mo e mana ʻoku takai ki tuʻa mei he afā pea ʻuluaki aʻu mai. ʻE lava ke nau ʻomi ha ʻuha lahi, matangi lele, mo e ahiohio ʻi ha taimi lōloa kimuʻa pea ofi mai ʻa e loto.

Ngaahi fakaʻilonga uafu (Port signals)¶

Ko ha ngaahi fakatokanga kuo fakafika ki he ngaahi uafu tahi mo e ngaahi uafu vaitafe. ʻOku ngāueʻaki ʻe Pengilātesi ʻa e ngaahi fakaʻilonga Fika 1 ki he Fika 11. ʻOku fakamatalaʻi ʻe he ngaahi fika ʻa e fakatuʻutāmaki ʻi he uafu pea ʻoku ʻikai tatau mo e ngaahi fika fakaʻilonga ʻi he ngaahi fonua kehe.

Post landfall outlook¶

Ko e fakaʻosi ia ʻo e ngaahi tuʻunga fakatokanga ʻe fā ʻa ʻInitia, kulokula, ʻoku tuku ʻi he houa ʻe 12 ʻi he siʻi taha kimuʻa ʻi he aʻu ki he fonua maʻá e ngaahi feituʻu ʻi loto fonua ʻe kolosi ai ʻa e afā.

Afā kuo ʻosi ʻene fakatropika (Post tropical cyclone)¶

Ko ha afā fakatropika naʻe ʻi ai ki muʻa ʻoku ʻikai kei ʻi ai hano fokotuʻu fakatropika. ʻE lava ke kei ʻi ai hano matangi mālohi mo e ʻuha lahi, pea ʻe lava ke kei tauhi ʻe he NHC ʻa e ngaahi fakatokanga. ʻOku ʻikai ʻai ʻe he hingoa foʻou ke malu ange ia.

Afā fakatropika ʻe ngalingali hoko (Potential tropical cyclone)¶

Ko ha lea ʻa e NHC ki ha sisitemi ʻoku teʻeki ko ha afā fakatropika ka ʻe lava ke ne ʻomi ʻa e tuʻunga ʻo e matangi mālohi fakatropika pe ha afā ki he fonua ʻi loto ʻi he houa nai ʻe 72. ʻE lava ʻe he NHC ʻo kamata ha ngaahi fanongonongo kakato, mo ha hala mo ha cone, koeʻuhí ke lava ʻo tuku vave ʻa e ngaahi tokanga mo e fakatokanga. Lau ia ko e kamataʻanga ʻo hoʻo lau fakahifo. Vakai ki he tokanga mo e fakatokanga.

Pre cyclone watch¶

Ko e ʻuluaki ia ʻo e ngaahi tuʻunga fakatokanga ʻe fā ʻa ʻInitia, ʻoku tuku ʻi he houa nai ʻe 72 ki muʻa ki he kau ʻōfisa māʻolunga ʻo e puleʻanga.

R ki he S¶

Ngaahi fāʻahi ʻuha (Rain bands)¶

Ko e ngaahi laine pelu ʻo e ʻuha lahi mo e mana ʻoku nau faʻu ʻa e lahi ʻo ha afā. ʻE lava ke liliu ʻa e ʻea mei he nonga ki he kovi pea toe foki ʻi he ʻosi atu ʻa e fāʻahi taki taha. Ko ha mālōlō ʻi he vahaʻa ʻo e ngaahi fāʻahi ʻoku ʻikai ko e ngata ia ʻo e afā.

Mālohi fakafokifā (Rapid intensification)¶

Ko ha hake lahi ʻo e mālohi ʻo ha afā ʻi ha taimi nounou. ʻOku fakamatalaʻi ia ʻe he NHC ko ha hake ʻo e matangi tolonga ʻo e 55 km/h (35 mph) ʻi he siʻi taha ʻi he houa ʻe 24. ʻI he ofi ki he matātahi, ʻoku siʻi ai ʻa e taimi ke tali ai, ko ia teuteu ki ha afā mālohi ange ʻi he meʻa naʻe tala ʻea.

Toenga ʻo e māʻulalo (Remnant low)¶

Ko e meʻa ʻoku toe ʻo ha afā fakatropika hili ʻene movetevete, mo e matangi ʻi lalo ʻi he mālohi ʻo e matangi mālohi fakatropika. ʻE lava ke kei fakatupu ʻe heʻene ʻuha ha lōmaki mo e holo kelekele lahi.

Konga ki muʻa toʻomataʻu (Right front quadrant)¶

Ko e konga ʻo ha afā ʻoku ʻi muʻa mo e toʻomataʻu ʻo e hala ʻoku ngaue ki ai ʻi he konga tokelau ʻo māmani, ʻi muʻa mo e toʻohema ʻi he konga tonga ʻo māmani. ʻOku faʻa ʻi ai ʻa e matangi mālohi taha, hake ʻa e tahi māʻolunga taha, mo e lahi taha ʻo e ngaahi ahiohio.

ʻAu toho ki tahi (Rip current)¶

Ko ha ʻau mālohi ʻoku ne toho ʻa e kau kakau ke mamaʻo mei he matātahi. ʻOku ʻave ʻe he ngaahi afā ʻoku mamaʻo ʻi tahi ha ngaahi peau ʻoku ne fakatupu kinautolu ʻi he ngaahi ʻaho laʻā. Nofo ʻi tuʻa mei tahi ʻi he taimi ʻoku ʻi ai ha afā ʻi ha feituʻu pē ʻo e vahefonua.

Sikeili Saffir-Simpson (Saffir-Simpson scale)¶

Ko e sikeili kulupu 1 ki he 5 ʻoku ngāueʻaki ʻe he NHC ki he ngaahi afā, makatuʻunga ʻi he matangi tolonga ʻo e miniti ʻe 1. ʻOku fua pē ʻe ia ʻa e matangi, ʻo ʻikai ko e ʻuha, lōmaki, hake ʻa e tahi, pe lahi. Vakai ki he ngaahi kulupu ʻo e afā.

Loki malu (Safe room)¶

Ko e loki ʻoku ke nofo ai ʻi ʻapi lolotonga ʻa e afā: ha kiʻi loki ʻi loto, loki tauhiʻanga vala, pe hala ʻi loto fale ʻi he fungavaka māʻulalo taha ʻe ʻikai lōmaki, mamaʻo mei he ngaahi matapā sioʻata. Kapau ʻe hake ʻa e vai, hiki ki ha fungavaka māʻolunga ange, ʻo ʻikai ʻaupito ki ha ʻaofi ʻato (attic) ʻoku tāpuni.

Tuʻunga maluʻi (Safeguard phase)¶

Ko e tuʻunga ʻi Réunion hili hono toʻo ʻo e fakatokanga kulokula pe vaioleti. Kuo ʻosi atu ʻa e afā ka ʻoku kei ʻi ai ʻa e ngaahi fakatuʻutāmaki, hangē ko e ngaahi kolosiʻanga vaitafe kuo lōmaki, ngaahi luo moʻunga kuo fonu, mo e ngaahi uaea ʻuhila kuo tō.

Hūfanga ʻi ho feituʻu (Shelter in place)¶

Nofo ʻi he feituʻu ʻoku ke ʻi ai pea ʻai ke malu taha ʻe lava kae ʻikai mavahe. ʻE lava ke faleʻi ia ʻe he kau ʻōfisa ʻi he taimi ʻoku ʻikai malu ai ʻa e ngaahi hala pe ʻoku ofi ʻaupito ʻa e afā.

Fale hūfanga fakaʻosi (Shelter of last resort)¶

Ko ha fale fakapuleʻanga mālohi ʻoku ava pē ki he ngaahi afā kovi taha, hangē ko ia ʻi ha ngaahi konga ʻo Kuinisilani, ʻAositelēlia. ʻOku ne ʻoatu ʻa e malu, ʻo ʻikai ko e fiemālie: ʻe lava ke ke maʻu pē ha seea mo ha feituʻu ʻo e meimei mita sikuea ʻe 1 (fute sikuea ʻe 11).

Fika ʻo e fakaʻilonga (Signal number)¶

Ko ha fakatokanga kuo fakafika ʻoku hiki hake ʻi he ofi mai ʻa ha afā. ʻI Filipaini, ʻoku kamata ʻa e ngaahi fakaʻilonga matangi ʻa PAGASA mei he Fika 1 (matangi mālohi ʻi loto ʻi he houa ʻe 36) ki he Fika 5 (matangi ʻo ha taifuni mālohi ʻaupito ʻi loto ʻi he houa ʻe 12). ʻOku ngāueʻaki ʻe Hongi Kongi ʻa e Fika 1, 3, 8, 9, mo e 10, pea ʻoku ngāueʻaki ʻe Pengilātesi ʻa e ngaahi fakaʻilonga uafu Fika 1 ki he 11. ʻOua naʻa ke teitei ʻave ha fika mei ha sisitemi ʻe taha ki ha sisitemi kehe, ʻo hangē ko ia ʻoku fakamatalaʻi ʻe he tokanga mo e fakatokanga.

Mape spaghetti (Spaghetti plot)¶

Ko ha mape mo ha ngaahi laine lahi, ko e taha taki taha mei ha mōtolo komipiuta pē ʻe taha. ʻOku ngāueʻaki kinautolu ʻe he kau tala ʻea ko ha meʻangāue, ka ko ha laine pē ʻe taha ʻoku hanga ki ho kolo ʻoku ʻikai ha ʻuhinga ia ʻiate ia pē. Muimui ki he tala ʻea fakapuleʻanga.

Fakatokanga fakatuʻutāmaki (Siapani) (Emergency warning)¶

Ko e fakatokanga mamafa taha ʻoku tuku ʻe he Japan Meteorological Agency. ʻOku ʻuhinga ia ʻoku ofi ha fakatamaki ʻo ha lahi ʻoku tātātaha pē ke hoko. ʻOua naʻa tatali ki ai: ko e Tuʻunga 4 ʻo e hiki ʻa ho kolo ko e taimi ia ke mavahe.

Fale hūfanga ki he fiemaʻu makehe (Special needs shelter)¶

Ko ha fale hūfanga fakapuleʻanga mo ha kau ngāue fakafaitoʻo pea faʻa ʻi ai ha ʻuhila fakafetongi, maʻá e kakai ʻoku fiemaʻu ʻa e ʻokesikeni, ngaahi meʻangāue ʻoku ngāue ʻaki ʻa e ʻuhila, pe tokoni ki he tokangaʻi fakaʻaho. ʻOku kole ʻe ha ngaahi feituʻu lahi ke ke lesisita ki muʻa. Vakai ki he kakai taʻumotuʻa, faingataʻaʻia fakaesino mo e ngaahi fiemaʻu fakafaitoʻo.

Hake ʻa e tahi ʻi he afā (Storm surge)¶

Ko e vai tahi ʻoku tuleki ki he fonua ʻe he ngaahi matangi ʻo ha afā. ʻOku hake ʻa e tahi kotoa, ʻi he taimi ʻe niʻihi ʻaki ha ngaahi mita, pea mafola ki loto fonua ʻi he ngaahi taulanga, vaitafe, mo e ngaahi kanale. Kuo fakatupu ʻe ia ʻa e lahi taha ʻo e mate ʻi ha tokolahi ʻo e ngaahi afā kovi taha, ko ia mavahe mei he ngaahi feituʻu hake ʻa e tahi ʻi he taimi ʻoku pehē ai ʻe he kau ʻōfisa. Vakai ki he ngaahi fakatuʻutāmaki ʻo e afā.

Fakatokanga hake ʻa e tahi ʻi he afā (Storm surge warning)¶

Ko ha fakatokanga ʻa ʻAmelika ʻoku ʻamanekina ha lōmaki fakamanamana ki he moʻui mei he hake ʻa e vai tahi, ʻo faʻa ʻi loto ʻi he houa ʻe 36. Ko ha tokanga hake ʻa e tahi ʻi he afā ʻoku ʻuhinga ia ʻe lava ke hoko, ʻo faʻa ʻi loto ʻi he houa ʻe 48. Kapau ʻoku ʻi he feituʻu kuo fakatokangaʻi ho tuʻasila, mavahe. ʻOku tuku ʻe PAGASA ha ngaahi fakatokanga makehe ki he hake ʻa e tahi ʻi he afā ʻi Filipaini, pea ʻi ha ngaahi fonua kehe lahi ʻoku kau ʻa e hake ʻa e tahi ʻi he fakatokanga afā tefito.

Tahi kakato ʻi he afā (Storm tide)¶

Ko e tuʻunga kakato ʻo e vai lolotonga ha afā: ko e hake ʻa e tahi ʻi he afā fakataha mo e tahi angamaheni. ʻOku aʻu ha hake ʻa e tahi ʻi he tahi hake ki ha feituʻu māʻolunga ange ʻi he hake tatau ʻi he tahi mamaha.

Afā fakasupatropika (Subtropical storm)¶

Ko ha afā ʻoku ʻi ai hono ngaahi ʻulungāanga ʻo e ongo sisitemi fakatropika mo taʻefakatropika. ʻOku maʻu ʻe ia ha hingoa pea ʻe lava ke ne ʻomi ha matangi, ʻuha, mo e hake ʻa e tahi fakamaumau. Lau ʻa e ngaahi fakatokanga ki ai ʻo hangē ha matangi mālohi fakatropika.

Super cyclonic storm¶

Ko e kalasi afā māʻolunga taha ʻa ʻInitia, mo e matangi ʻo e 222 km/h (138 mph) pe lahi ange.

Taifuni mālohi ʻaupito (Super typhoon)¶

Ko ha taifuni mālohi ʻaupito. ʻOku ngāueʻaki ʻe PAGASA ʻi Filipaini ʻa e lea ko ʻeni mei he 185 km/h (115 mph), pea ko ʻene Fakaʻilonga Fika 5 ʻoku ʻuhinga ia ki he matangi ʻo ha taifuni mālohi ʻaupito ʻi loto ʻi he houa ʻe 12. ʻOku ngāueʻaki pē ia ʻe he kau tala ʻea ʻAmelika ʻi ʻolunga ʻi he 241 km/h (150 mph), ko ia ʻe lava ke ui pe ʻikai ui ʻa e afā tatau ko ha taifuni mālohi ʻaupito ʻo fakatatau ki he maʻuʻanga.

Matangi tolonga (Sustained winds)¶

Ko e averisi ʻo e vave ʻo e matangi ʻi ha taimi pau, miniti ʻe 1 ʻi he NHC pea faʻa miniti ʻe 10 ʻi he ngaahi feituʻu kehe. ʻOku makatuʻunga ai ʻa e ngaahi kulupu. ʻOku māʻolunga ange maʻu pē ʻa e matangi lele.

T ki he W¶

Afā fakatropika (Tropical cyclone)¶

Ko e hingoa fakasaienisi ki he afā takai kotoa pē ʻoku fokotuʻu ʻi ʻolunga ʻi he vai fakatropika māfana. Ko e hurricane, taifuni, mo e saikolone ko e ngaahi afā fakatropika kotoa. Vakai ki he ngaahi afā ʻi māmani.

Tokanga mo e fakatokanga afā fakatropika (ʻAositelēlia) (Tropical cyclone watch and warning)¶

ʻOku tuku ʻe he Bureau of Meteorology ha tokanga ʻi he taimi ʻe lava ke hoko ai ha matangi mālohi ʻi he matātahi ʻi loto ʻi he houa ʻe 48, pea ha fakatokanga ʻi he taimi ʻoku ʻamanekina ai ʻa e matangi mālohi ʻi loto ʻi he houa ʻe 24 pe kuo ʻosi kamata.

Māʻulalo fakatropika (Tropical depression)¶

Ko ha afā fakatropika mo e matangi tolonga ʻi lalo ʻi he 63 km/h (39 mph). ʻOku ʻi ai hano fika, ʻo ʻikai ko ha hingoa, ka ʻe lava ke ne ʻomi ha ʻuha lahi mo e lōmaki pea ʻe lava ke mālohi vave.

Fakahohaʻa fakatropika (Tropical disturbance)¶

Ko ha kulupu ʻo e ngaahi ʻuha mo e mana ʻi ʻolunga ʻi he vai fakatropika ʻe lava ke tupu ko ha afā fakatropika. ʻI he Moana ʻInitia fakatonga hihifo, ko e hingoa foki ia ʻo e tuʻunga vaivai taha.

Tropical low¶

Ko e hingoa ʻa ʻAositelēlia ki ha māʻulalo fakatropika. ʻOku ui ia ʻe he Bureau of Meteorology ko ha afā fakatropika ʻi he taimi ʻoku aʻu ai ʻa e matangi mālohi ʻo e 63 km/h (39 mph) ʻo laka ange ʻi he vaeua takatakai ʻi he loto ʻi he houa ʻe 6 ʻi he siʻi taha. ʻE lava ke kei ʻomi ʻe ha tropical low ha lōmaki.

Matangi mālohi fakatropika (Tropical storm)¶

Ko ha afā fakatropika mo e matangi tolonga ʻo e 63 ki he 118 km/h (39 ki he 73 mph). ʻOku faʻa maʻu ʻe he ngaahi afā hanau hingoa ʻi he tuʻunga ko ʻeni.

Matangi ʻo ha matangi mālohi fakatropika (Tropical storm force winds)¶

Ko e matangi tolonga ʻo e meimei 63 km/h (39 mph) pe lahi ange. ʻOku lau fakahifo ʻa e ngaahi tokanga mo e fakatokanga ki heʻenau aʻu mai, koeʻuhí ʻoku fakatuʻutāmaki ʻa e ngāue ʻi tuʻa ʻi he taimi ʻoku nau kamata ai.

Tomuʻa vakai ki he ʻea fakatropika (Tropical weather outlook)¶

Ko ha tala ʻea maʻu pē ʻa e NHC ki he feituʻu ʻe lava ke fokotuʻu ai ha ngaahi afā, mo e faingamālie ʻo hono fokotuʻu ʻi he houa ʻe 48 pea ʻi he ʻaho ʻe 7. ʻOku tuku ʻe he ngaahi potungāue kehe ha ngaahi meʻa meimei tatau. Ko e fakaʻilonga ʻuluaki ia ke siviʻi hoʻo kato naunau.

Taifuni (Typhoon)¶

Ko e hingoa ki ha afā fakatropika ʻi he Pasifiki Fakatokelau fakahihifo mo e Tahi Siaina Tonga. ʻOku ui ʻe Siapani ha afā pē ʻi ai mo e matangi ʻo e meimei 63 km/h (39 mph) pe lahi ange ko ha taifuni, ko ia ko ha taifuni ʻa Siapani ʻoku ʻikai mālohi maʻu pē ʻo hangē ha hurricane.

Hiki loto pē (Voluntary evacuation)¶

Ko ha faleʻi mei he kau ʻōfisa ʻoku totonu ke mavahe ʻa e kakai ʻi ha feituʻu, taʻe ha tuʻutuʻuni fakaʻofisiale. ʻOku faʻa ʻuluaki haʻu ia ki he kakai ʻoku fiemaʻu ha taimi lahi ange. Tokanga lahi ki ai, koeʻuhí ʻe lava ke hoko ia ko ha tuʻutuʻuni fakamālohi ʻi loto ʻi ha ngaahi houa.

Fakaʻilonga matangi (Wind signal)¶

Vakai ki he fika ʻo e fakaʻilonga.

Wireless Emergency Alerts¶

Ko ha ngaahi pōpoaki fakatuʻutāmaki nounou ʻoku ʻave ʻe he ngaahi potungāue ʻa ʻAmelika ki he telefoni kotoa pē ʻi ha feituʻu, ki he ngaahi tuʻutuʻuni ke hiki, lōmaki fakafokifā, ahiohio, mo e matangi lahi ʻaupito. ʻOku ʻi ai ʻi ha ngaahi fonua lahi ha ngaahi fakatokanga telefoni meimei tatau ʻi ha ngaahi hingoa kehe. ʻOku ʻikai fiemaʻu ke lesisita, ka siviʻi kuo fakamoʻui ʻa e ngaahi fakatokanga ʻi he ngaahi setting ʻo ho telefoni. Vakai ki he lesisita ki he ngaahi fakatokanga fakalotofonua.

Ngaahi fakahinohino felāveʻi¶

• Taifuni, saikolone, mo e afā ʻi māmani
• Tokanga mo e fakatokanga ki he afā
• Fakamatala ki he ngaahi kulupu ʻo e afā
• Ngaahi fakatuʻutāmaki ʻo e afā
• Ngaahi maʻuʻanga fakamatala fakapuleʻanga ki he afā