Pfuudza kuenda kune zvirimo

Ma-typhoon, ma-cyclone, nama-hurricane pasi rose

Hurricane, typhoon, uye tropical cyclone ndiwo dutu rimwe chete, rine mazita akasiyana mumakungwa akasiyana. Zvose zviri munhungamiro iyi zvinoshanda kwaari ose.

Hurricane, typhoon, necyclone ndiwo dutu rimwe chete rine mazita akasiyana enzvimbo. Chinochinja kubva kunzvimbo kuenda kune imwe ndeyehurongwa hwenyevero: mazwi, nhamba, maruvara, uye nguva. Peji iri rinotsanangura mazita, matunhu emakungwa nemwaka wawo, uye kuti nyevero dzinoshanda sei munzvimbo huru dzemadutu, kuti ugone kuita zvinoenderana nehurongwa hunoshandiswa kwaugere kana kwaunoshanya.

Kana uchiita zvitatu chete

  • Tsvaga hofisi yako yekufanotaura mamiriro ekunze yenyika uye udzidze madanho maviri kana matatu epamusoro ehurongwa hwayo hwenyevero. Peji rako rerubatsiro rwenharaunda rinotaura rako.
  • Nyora pasi zvauchaita padanho rimwe nerimwe: kugadzirira, kupedza kugadzirira, kutiza kana kuvanda.
  • Kana uchifamba, dzidza hurongwa hwepanzvimbo zuva rekutanga. Mitemo yekumba haishandi ikoko.

Dutu rimwe, mazita matatu

Masaiyendisiti vanodana madutu aya ose kuti tropical cyclones. Zita rinowanzoshandiswa rinoenderana negungwa dutu rinoumbwa.

Kwadutu rinoumbwa Zita renzvimbo Maenzaniso enzvimbo dzinokanganiswa
North Atlantic, Caribbean Sea, Gulf of Mexico Hurricane Zvitsuwa zveCaribbean, Mexico, Central America, Bermuda, United States, Atlantic Canada
Eastern necentral North Pacific Hurricane Hombekombe yePacific yeMexico neCentral America, Hawaii
Western North Pacific neSouth China Sea Typhoon Philippines, Japan, Taiwan, China yemukati, Hong Kong, Macao, Vietnam, Thailand, South Korea, Guam
North Indian Ocean (Bay of Bengal neArabian Sea) Cyclone, kana cyclonic storm India, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Oman, Yemen, Somalia
Southwest Indian Ocean Tropical cyclone Madagascar, Mozambique, Mauritius, Réunion, Comoros, Mayotte, Seychelles
Australia neSouth Pacific Tropical cyclone Australia, Fiji, Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Samoa, Tonga, Solomon Islands, Papua New Guinea

Dutu rinoyambuka kubva mudunhu rimwe kuenda kune rimwe rinongochinja zita rayo. Hurricane inoyambuka kumadokero yepfuura International Date Line muPacific inova typhoon. Hapana chinochinja padutu racho.

Zvikamu zvisina kusimba zvinewo mazita enzvimbo. System isati yava dutu rakazara inogona kunzi tropical depression, tropical low (muAustralia), depression kana deep depression (muIndia), kana tropical disturbance (musouthwest Indian Ocean). Chimwe nechimwe chezvizvi chinogona kuunza mafashamo anouraya.

Typhoon yeJapan inogona kunge isina kusimba kuhurricane

MuJapan, tropical storm muwestern Pacific ine mhepo yeanenge 17 meters pasekondi (62 km/h, 39 mph) kana kupfuura inonzi typhoon. Izvi zvinenge zvakaenzana nemhepo United States inodana kuti tropical storm. Fungidzira njodzi uchitarisa nyevero, kwete zita.

Nei nhamba dzisiyana pakati pemahofisi

Mahofisi anoyera mhepo nenzira dzakatosiyana zvishoma. US National Hurricane Center (NHC) inoshandisa mhepo yakagara pamineti imwe chete. Mamwe mahofisi enyika, kusanganisira ari muJapan, Philippines, Hong Kong, neAustralia, uye hofisi yeFrance muIndian Ocean, anoshandisa mhepo yakagara pamaminitsi gumi. India inoshandisa mhepo yakagara pamaminitsi matatu.

Pawiro rakareba rinopa nhamba yakaderera yedutu rimwe chete. Saka nhamba yesimba yehofisi imwe inogona kutaridzika isina kusimba kupfuura yeimwe, kunyange dzichibvumirana nezvedutu. Tafura yemhando yeAustralia yakavakirwawo pamafungu akasimba zvikuru, kwete mhepo yakagara.

Dzidziso iri nyore. Usafananidza nhamba pakati penyika, uye usashandisa umbirwo hwenyika imwe kufungidzira nyevero yenyika imwe. Verenga zvinotaurwa nehofisi yako yenyika pamusoro pechinogona kuitwa nedutu kunzvimbo yako, uye uite zvainokuudza.

Mapps newebhusaiti dzinogona kuratidza nhamba dzenyika imwe

Mapps nemawebsite emamiriro ekunze anowanzoratidza simba redutu rinobva kuhofisi yekunze, senge mhando yeUS yetyphoon pedyo nePhilippines. Nhamba idzi hadzisi nyevero yako yepamutemo. Hofisi yako yekufanotaura mamiriro ekunze yenyika nevakuru venharaunda yako ndivo vanosarudza nyevero nemirairo yekutiza kwaugere.

Matunhu emakungwa nemwaka wawo

Bhata rimwe nerimwe rine mwaka wayo, uye rimwe nerimwe rine hofisi yepamutemo yedunhu inotasva madutu uye ichipa mazano kumahofisi enyika munzvimbo iyoyo. World Meteorological Organization (WMO) inobatanidza mahofisi aya. Madutu anogona kuumbwa kunze kwemwedzi iyi, saka chengeta kiti rebasic gore rese.

Bhata Mwaka mukuru Mwedzi inonyanya kubatikana Hofisi yedunhu
North Atlantic, Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico June 1 kusvika November 30 August kusvika October, kunyanya September NHC, Miami
Eastern North Pacific May 15 kusvika November 30 July kusvika September NHC, Miami
Central North Pacific June 1 kusvika November 30 July kusvika September Central Pacific Hurricane Center, Honolulu
Western North Pacific Gore rese July kusvika October, kunyanya August neSeptember Japan Meteorological Agency, Tokyo
North Indian Ocean Mwaka miviri: April kusvika June, neOctober kusvika December May, neOctober kusvika November India Meteorological Department, New Delhi
Southwest Indian Ocean November kusvika April January kusvika March Météo-France, La Réunion
Australian region November 1 kusvika April 30 January kusvika March Bureau of Meteorology, Australia
South Pacific November kusvika April January kusvika March Fiji Meteorological Service, Nadi

Western North Pacific ndiro bhata rinonyanya kubatikana paPasi. Japan Meteorological Agency inoverenga anenge typhoon 25 pagore mune zvinyorwa zvayo, uye PAGASA, hofisi yemamiriro ekunze yePhilippines, inotaura kuti anenge matropical cyclone 20 anopinda munzvimbo yavari gore rega rega.

Munorth Indian Ocean, madutu anowanzoumbwa musati nepashure pemonsoon yezhizha, kwete pakati payo. Ndosaka India, Bangladesh, Myanmar, neSri Lanka vachitarisa zvese kumagumo echirimo nekumagumo echando.

Mwaka weHemisphere yekumaodzanyemba unoyambuka gore idzva. Kumhuri muMozambique, Madagascar, Fiji, kana kuchamhembe kweAustralia, mavhiki anonyanya kutyisa anowanzowira panguva yezororo rezhizha. Peji redu repemwaka wehurricane rinotsanangura vanofanotaura dunhu rimwe nerimwe uye kuti mwaka rimwe nerimwe unotanga riini.

Vanodana madutu

Mazita anobatsira vanhu kutevera nyevero uye kusavhiringidza madutu maviri panguva imwe chete. WMO inotaura kuti mazita mapfupi, akasiyana anoderedza kuvhiringidzika nekukanganisa munyevero. Mazita anotemwa nguva isati yasvika nekomiti dzedunhu dzinoumbwa nenyika dzomo bhata rimwe nerimwe, kwete kusarudzwa dutu rega rega.

Atlantic nePacific yekumabvazuva. NHC inoshandisa marondedzero matanhatu emazita anotenderera, saka rondedzero inodzoka mushure memakore matanhatu. Eastern Pacific ine marondedzero ayo. Mazita anochinjana pakati pevarume nevakadzi mune alphabetical order. Kana dutu rikanyanya kuuraya kana kuparadza, komiti yedunhu yeWMO inobvisa zita rayo uye ichisarudza rimwe.

Western Pacific. Nhengo dzeESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee imwe neimwe inopa mazita. Japan Meteorological Agency inopa dutu rimwe nerimwe zita rinotevera parondedzero yakagoverwa, uye rondedzero haitangi patsva gore rega rega. Mazita mazhinji ndeemazwi emhuka, maruva, kana nzvimbo.

Philippines. PAGASA inopawo zita reFilipino renzvimbo kudutu ripi neripi riri munzvimbo yavari. Typhoon imwe inogona kuva nemazita maviri panguva imwe: zita renyika yose nezita rePAGASA. Nhau neredhiyo yeFilipino zvinoshandisa zita renzvimbo, saka dzidza ose maviri kana dutu riri pedyo.

North Indian Ocean. India Meteorological Department inopa dutu zita kubva parondedzero inopiwa nenyika dzakatenderedza Bay of Bengal neArabian Sea. System inowana zita kana yasvika pasimba recyclonic storm, 62 km/h (39 mph). Depression isina zita ichiri kugona kukonzera mafashamo makuru.

Hemisphere yekumaodzanyemba. Madutu musouthwest Indian Ocean anotemwa zita nehofisi yedunhu muLa Réunion, uye Fiji Meteorological Service inotema zita madutu eSouth Pacific. Bureau of Meteorology inotema zita madutu munzvimbo yeAustralia. Hofisi rimwe nerimwe pazvizvi rinobata nemahofisi enyika ezvitsuwa nenyika dzarinofukidza.

Zita rinokuratidza dutu ripi, kwete kuti rakasimba sei

Dutu rine zita rinogona kunge risina kusimba, uye dutu risina zita richiri kugona kufashamisa imba yako. Verenga danho renyevero nguva dzose, kwete zita chete.

Kuti nyevero dzinoshanda sei mudunhu rimwe nerimwe

Nyika imwe neimwe inoburitsa nyevero dzenyika yayo. Mahofisi edunhu akaita seNHC, Japan Meteorological Agency, India Meteorological Department, neMétéo-France muLa Réunion anofanotaura dutu, asi hofisi yako yekufanotaura mamiriro ekunze yenyika ndiyo inoisa nyevero dzenzvimbo yako, uye hurumende yako yenharaunda inopa mirairo yekutiza. Rondedzero dziri pazasi dzinokubatsira kuziva hurongwa rimwe nerimwe. Peji rako rerubatsiro rwenharaunda rine mahofisi nemhishi dzenyika yako.

Atlantic nePacific yekumabvazuva: watches newarnings

United States, nyika zhinji dzeCaribbean, Mexico, Central America, Bermuda, neCanada dzinoshandisa watches newarnings. Hurumende imwe neimwe inoburitsa yayo, uye NHC inoiisa muma-advisory ayo.

  • Watch inoreva kuti mamiriro anogona kuitika. Inoburitswa anenge maawa 48 mhepo ye tropical storm force, anenge 63 km/h (39 mph), isati yasvika.
  • Warning inoreva kuti mamiriro anotarisirwa. Inoburitswa anenge maawa 36 mhepo ye tropical storm force isati yasvika.
  • Kuverenga kunoenda kukutanga kwemhepo iyi, kwete kusvika kwepakati, nekuti ndiyo nguva inova njodzi kugadzirira panze.

United States inoburitsawo storm surge watches newarnings, extreme wind warnings, nedzimwe nyevero nyika dzimwe dzisingaiti. Peji redu pane hurricane watch ne-warning rinotsanangura imwe neimwe.

Mexico: maruvara enyevero

Pamwe newatches newarnings, hurongwa hwecivil protection hweMexico hunoshandisa chidanho cheruvara chenyevero yekutanga yematropical cyclone, chinonzi SIAT-CT. Maruvara anotanga pazasi kusvika red, zvepamusoro. Ruvara rwunoenderana nenguva dutu rinotarisirwa kusvika, uye mabviro anosiyana pamusoro perondedzero yakazara yemaruvara, saka tarisa chati yazvino.

Ruvara rwestate kana municipality yako runokuratidza zvinotarisirwa newako nevive protection. Tevera hofisi yako yestate nemunicipal civil protection kune mirairo yekutiza nenzvimbo dzekuvanda.

Cuba: zvikamu zvecivil defense

Civil Defense yeCuba inotaura zvikamu kuprovince rimwe nerimwe dutu richiswedera: information phase, cyclone alert, cyclone alarm, uye recovery phase pashure parapfuura. Alarm phase ndiyo yakanyanya kunetsa uye inoreva kuti dutu riri pedyo. Tevera council yeCivil Defense yenharaunda yako kune mirairo yekutiza.

Philippines: PAGASA wind signals

PAGASA inosimudza Tropical Cyclone Wind Signals kuprovince rimwe nerimwe kana municipality, kubva paNo. 1 kusvika No. 5. Nhamba huru inoreva mhepo yakasimba zvikuru uye nguva shoma yekugadzirira. Signal yakaderera inopa nguva yakawanda, uye signal yepamusoro, yemhepo yesuper typhoon, inopa nguva shoma.

Signal inongoreva mhepo chete. PAGASA inoburitsa nyevero dzakatsaurwa dzemvura nedzekusimuka kwemvura, uye mafashamo nekudonha kwevhu zvinouraya vanhu vakawanda kunyange pasi pesignal yakaderera. Hurumende yebarangay, guta, kana municipality yako inosarudza kutiza, uye inogona kurayira vanhu kutiza signal isati yakwira. Tevera mirairo yayo.

PAGASA inotemawo zita zvikamu zvesimba: tropical depression, tropical storm, severe tropical storm, typhoon, nesuper typhoon. Tarisa webhusaiti yePAGASA kune mhepo inodiwa yazvino, nekuti inogadziridzwa nguva nenguva.

Hong Kong neMacao: nhamba dzesignal

Hong Kong Observatory inoshandisa signal dzine nhamba. Nhamba dzinosvetuka kubva pa1 kusvika pa3 kusvika pa8, izvo zvinoshamisa vashanyi vazhinji.

Signal Zvainoreva
No. 1, Standby Tropical cyclone iri mukati meanenge 800 km (500 miles) kubva kuHong Kong uye inogona kuikanganisa
No. 3, Strong Wind Mhepo yakasimba iri kuvhuvhuta kana inotarisirwa
No. 8, Gale or Storm Mhepo yegale kana yestorm force ye63 kusvika 117 km/h (39 kusvika 73 mph) iri kuvhuvhuta kana inotarisirwa. Signal inoratidza nzira yemhepo: NE, SE, SW, kana NW
No. 9, Increasing Gale or Storm Mhepo yegale kana yestorm force iri kuwedzera, kana inotarisirwa kuwedzera zvikuru
No. 10, Hurricane Mhepo ye118 km/h (73 mph) kana kupfuura

Kana No. 8 ichisimudzwa, zvikoro nemabasa mazhinji anovharwa uye public transport inononoka. Ronga kuva pamba, kana papi pose paunozovanda, No. 8 isati yasimudzwa, uye ugare mukati kusvikira signal yaderedzwa. Macao inoshandisawo signal dzine nhamba, dzinoburitswa nehofisi yayo yemamiriro ekunze.

Japan: warnings neevacuation levels

Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) inoburitsa advisories newarnings zvemhepo yedutu, mafungu makuru, kusimuka kwemvura, nemvura yakasimba. Nyevero yayo inonyanya kunetsa ndeyespecial warning, inoburitswa kana njodzi inoshoma kuitika inotarisirwa. JMA inotsanangura simba retyphoon kuti strong, very strong, kana violent.

Guta, dhorobha, kana musha wako unoburitsa ruzivo rwekutiza pachidanho chemadanho mashanu. Shandisa izvi kusarudza nguva yekufamba.

Danho Zita Zvekuita
3 Evacuation yevakuru nevamwe Vakuru, vanhu vane utera, uye munhu wese anoda nguva yakawanda anofanira kutiza nzvimbo dzine njodzi izvozvi
4 Evacuation instruction Munhu wese ari munzvimbo ine njodzi anofanira kutiza izvozvi
5 Emergency safety measure Njodzi iri kuitika kana iri kuda kuitika. Ita danho rakachengeteka sekugona kwako pachinzvimbo chiripo

Level 4 ndiyo nguva apo munhu wese ari munzvimbo ine njodzi anofanira kunge atofamba. Level 5 inogona kusaburitswa njodzi isati yasvika, saka usamirira iyo.

China yemukati, Taiwan, Vietnam, neSouth Korea

China Meteorological Administration inoburitsa nyevero dzetyphoon muma-ruvara mana: blue, yellow, orange, nered, red ndiyo yakanyanya kunetsa. Central Weather Administration yeTaiwan inoburitsa nyevero dzegungwa nenyika dzetyphoon. Sevhisi yehydro meteorological yenyika yeVietnam neKorea Meteorological Administration dzinoburitsa advisories newarnings dzadzo dzetyphoon. Pane imwe neimwe, hurumende yenharaunda inorayira kutiza nekuvhara zvivakwa, saka ivatevere.

India: nyevero dzecyclone dzine zvikamu zvina nemaruvara

India Meteorological Department (IMD) inoyambira hurumende dzestate muzvikamu zvina, chimwe nechimwe chine ruvara.

Chikamu Panoburitswa Ruvara
Pre cyclone watch Nguva huru dutu risati rasvika, kuvakuru vehurumende Hapana
Cyclone alert Angangosvika maawa 48 mamiriro akaipa asati asvika hombekombe Yellow
Cyclone warning Angangosvika maawa 24 mamiriro akaipa asati asvika hombekombe, nenzvimbo yakafanotaurwa yekusvika Orange
Post landfall outlook Dutu risati rasvika panyika, kunzvimbo dzemukati Red

Pamepu dzayo dzedistrict yemamiriro ekunze, IMD inoshandisawo maruvara ekukanganiswa: green inoreva hapana danho rinodiwa, yellow inoreva ramba uchitarisa, orange inoreva gadzirira, uye red inoreva ita chinhu. Hurumende yako yestate nehofisi yedistrict dzinorayira kutiza uye dzinovhura nzvimbo dzecyclone shelter. Nyevero dzinoburitswawo paredhiyo nefirimu.

IMD inotema zita simba redutu mumatanho: depression, deep depression, cyclonic storm (62 km/h, 39 mph, kana kupfuura), severe cyclonic storm, very severe cyclonic storm, extremely severe cyclonic storm, nesuper cyclonic storm (222 km/h, 138 mph, kana kupfuura).

Bangladesh: port signals

Bangladesh Meteorological Department inosimudza signal dzine nhamba, kubva pa1 kusvika pa11, kumazamba egungwa. Mazamba enzizi anoshandisa signal dzakatsaurwa, shoma. Nhamba dzinotsanangura njodzi pazamba.

Vanhu vehombekombe vanowanzoshandisa port signal seruzivo rwavo, uye kutiza kunzvimbo decyclone shelter kunorayirwa nehurumende. Vanobatsira pasina mubairo veCyclone Preparedness Programme vanopararira nyevero mumisha yehombekombe. Tevera mirairo yavo nehurumende yenharaunda yako.

Australia: mhando, watches, newarnings

Bureau of Meteorology inoisa macyclone kubva paMhando 1 kusvika Mhando 5, zvakavakirwa pamafungu akasimba zvikuru ejairika.

Mhando Fungu rakasimba zvikuru rejairika Zvinogona kuita
1 Kusvika 125 km/h (78 mph) Kukuvadzwa kwedzimwe zvirimwa, miti, necaravan
2 125 kusvika 164 km/h (78 kusvika 102 mph) Kukuvara kudiki kwedzimba, kukuvara kwemiti nemacaravan, njodzi yekudzima magetsi
3, severe 165 kusvika 224 km/h (103 kusvika 139 mph) Kukuvara kudzimwe roof nezvivakwa, dzimwe caravan dzaparadzwa, kudzima magetsi kunotarisirwa
4, severe 225 kusvika 279 km/h (140 kusvika 173 mph) Kurasikirwa kukuru kweroof nezvivakwa, marara anobhururuka anovhundutsa, kudzima magetsi kwakapamhama
5, severe 280 km/h (174 mph) kana kupfuura Nenjodzi huru zvikuru, neparadzwa kwakapamhama

Bureau inoburitsa tropical cyclone watch kana gale dzafanotaurwa kusvika panyika mukati memaawa 48, uye tropical cyclone warning kana gale dzichitarisirwa mukati memaawa 24 kana dzichitoitika. Sevhisi dzedambudziko destate neterritory dzinozoburitsa nyevero dzeAustralian Warning System muzvidanho zvitatu: Advice, Watch and Act, neEmergency Warning. Emergency Warning inoreva kuti ite izvozvi kuzvidzivirira.

Zvitsuwa zeSouth Pacific

Fiji Meteorological Service inofanotaura kuSouth Pacific uye inoshandisa umbirwo hweMhando 1 kusvika 5 sehweAustralia. Nyika rimwe nerimwe yechitsuwa ine hofisi yayo yemamiriro ekunze inoburitsa nyevero kuzvitsuwa zvayo, uye hofisi yayo yedambudziko yenyika inopa mirairo. Pazvitsuwa zvidiki, rubatsiro runogona kutora mazuva kuti rusvike, saka gadzirira kuzvichengetedza kwenguva yakareba.

Southwest Indian Ocean: Réunion, Mauritius, Madagascar, Mozambique

Météo-France muLa Réunion inofanotaura madutu kusouthwest Indian Ocean yose uye inoaisa nemhepo yakagara, kubva pamoderate tropical storm kusvika pavery intense tropical cyclone. Tarisa mazita ayo azvino, nekuti mazwi emhepo yakasimba zvikuru akachinja.

PaRéunion, hurongwa hwecyclone alert hunofamba muzvidanho zvakajeka. Yellow pre alert inoreva njodzi inogona kuitika mumazuva anotevera, saka uwane ruzivo uye utange kuchengeta zvinodiwa. Orange inoreva njodzi iri pedyo: gadzirira imba yako nechirongwa chekuvanda izvozvi. Red inoreva njodzi iri pedyo zvikuru.

Pa red, gara pamba kana panzvimbo yako yekuvanda, uye usafamba. Violet inoshandiswa kumacyclone anonyanya kushamisa, uye unofanira kugara pachinzvimbo nguva yese yealert.

Pashure pedutu, safeguard phase inotanga. Cyclone yapfuura, asi njodzi dzichiripo, dzakaita seziyambuko zvakafashama, mipata yakasimuka, nemiline yemagetsi yakadonha.

Mauritius, Madagascar, neMozambique dzinoburitsa nyevero dzadzo dzenyika, kuburikidza nemahofisi avo emamiriro ekunze nemahofisi enyika edambudziko. Tevera mirairo iyi nevakuru venharaunda yako. Munzvimbo idzi dzose, nzizi dzinogona kufashama kwemazuva mhepo yapfuura.

Mutemo unoshanda pese

Pasinei nekwauri, mitemo mishoma iyi inokuchengeta wakachengeteka.

  • Tevera hofisi yako yekufanotaura mamiriro ekunze yenyika kunyevero uye hurumende yako yenharaunda kumirairo yekutiza. Izwi ravo ndiro rekupedzisira.
  • Dzidza madanho mwaka usati watanga. Padutu, hapana nguva yekuatsvaga.
  • Usafungidzira njodzi uchitarisa nhamba imwe chete. Mvura inobva mukusimuka nemvura chaiyo inouraya vanhu vakawanda kupfuura mhepo, uye inogona kuitika padanho ripi neripi.
  • Ita izvozvi. Hurongwa humwe nehumwe pamusoro huno hunopa nyevero yane nguva yekugadzirira, uye nguva iyi inopera mhepo yasvika.
  • Kana uri mushanyi, bvunza hotera kana vanokuchengeta kuti nyevero dzinoshanda sei panzvimbo iyoyo, uye uone peji redu revashanyi nevafambi.