Kuverenga koni yekufanotaura kwehurricane¶

Peji iri rinokubatsira kuverenga koni yekufanotaura kwehurricane uye kuita zvinoratidzwa nayo. Koni inoratidza kwakanangana pakati pedutu rinogona kuenda. Haikuratidzi saizi yedutu kana kwaachaitika kukuvadzwa, uye ndiko kukanganisa kunowanzoitika. Pazasi uchawana chekisi yemaminetsi maviri, zvasiiwa nekoni, kuti maepi enzira anosiyana sei nenyika, kuwandei kufanotaura kunochinja, uye ndeapi mabviro anofanira kuvimbwa nawo.

Verenga kufanotaura mumaminitsi maviri¶

Kana dutu riri pamufananidzo, tarisa zvinhu zvishanu izvi, nenzira iyi. Shandisa webhusaiti yehofisi yako yekufanotaura mamiriro ekunze yenyika kana National Hurricane Center (NHC) panhc.noaa.gov. Chimwe nechimwe chinokuratidza chekuita chinotevera.

• Nguva yakaiswa. Ko iri ndiro kufanotaura kwekupedzisira? Kana rine maawa anopfuura matanhatu, tsvaga rimwe idzva.
• Watches, warnings, kana signals zvenzvimbo yako. Izvi zvinokuratidza zvokuita izvozvi. Ona watches vs warnings.
• Nguva mhepo yakasimba ingatanga kwauri. Ndiyo dheadhiraini yako yemabasa ese epanze nekufamba.
• Kufanotaura kwesurge nemvura yenzvimbo yako. Mvura ndiyo njodzi huru kuupenyu.
• Mirairo yevakuru venharaunda yako. Mirairo yekutiza inobva kwavari, kwete kubva pamepu.

Kana watch kana warning ichifukidza nzvimbo yako, ita izvo izvozvi uye urege kuverenga. Kana uri pedyo nekoni chete, cherechedza nguva mhepo inogona kutanga kunzvimbo yako nekufanotaura kwesurge, wozotarisazve pakugadziridzwa kunotevera. Shandisa mutsvairo mumwe chete nguva dzose, kuti ugone kufananidza chigadziridzwa chimwe nechakapfuura.

Koni ndeyei¶

Koni ndiyo chimiro chakadzikwa pamepu yekufanotaura yeNHC. Inoratidza nzira ingangoita pakati pedutu panguva yekufanotaura iri pamepu. Inotangira padiki panzvimbo yedutu yazvino uye inokura panguva. Vafanotauri vanogona kutaura kwaachava mangwana nekuvimbika kupfuura kwaachava mazuva mazhinji kubva zvino.

Upamhi hwekoni hunobva kukukanganisa kwekufanotaura kwekare. NHC inohuumba kubva pakukanganisa kwenzira kwemakore mashanu apfuura, kuti pakati pedutu pangogara mukati mekoni anenge zvikamu zviviri muzvitatu zvenguva. Izvi zvinoreva kuti nguva imwe muzvitatu, pakati panowira kunze kwayo. Koni inoyera kusaziva, kwete chipikirwa pamusoro pekwarinogona kuenda.

Watches newarnings zvinoratidzwa pamepu, uye advisory yakanyorwa inoratidza mamwe. Verenga tsananguro yemepu kekutanga paunoona mepu itsva, nekuti zviratidzo neruvara zvinogona kusiyana pakati pezvigadzirwa.

Koni haisi¶

Koni ndeimwe yemifananidzo inokanganiswa zvikuru mukufanotaura mamiriro ekunze. Inopindura mubvunzo mumwe chete, kwaachaenda pakati pedutu. Heino zvairega kuratidza.

Haikuratidzi saizi yedutu. Bhande remhepo yedutu rinogona kupamhama zvikuru kupfuura koni. Mhepo ye tropical storm force inogona kusvika kure nepakati pedutu rakakura. Ungangove kunze kwekoni uchiri uchiwana mamiriro etropical storm kana hurricane.

Haikuratidziwo kwazvichaitika kukuvadzwa. Kusimuka kwemvura, mvura yakasimba, matornado, uye kudonha kwevhu zvinopararira kure kunze kwekoni. Muhemisphere yekuchamhembe, divi redutu rekurudyi kwenzira yaro rinowanzowana kusimuka kwakanyanya kuipa nematornado akawanda, uye divi iri rinogona kunge riri kunze kwenzvimbo yakadzikwa.

Simba rinoratidzwa zvakasiyana. Koni inongova nezvenzvimbo. Tsvaga zviratidzo zvemhando neruvara pamuzira wayo, uye verenga mhepo iri mu advisory text.

Pakati panogona kubva mukoni. Panguva ipi neipi yekufanotaura, pakati panotarisirwa kudonha kunze kwekoni nguva imwe muzvitatu.

Usatarisa chete panongosvika pakati¶

Vanhu vanowanzotsvaga nzvimbo apo mutsara wepakati unoyambuka hombekombe uye vachizviita kunge mhinduro. Vozozorora kana mutsara uri makiromita 80 (maira 50) kure. Iyi mukanganiso nekuda kwezvikonzero zvitatu.

Chekutanga, mutsara ndiwo pakati pekufanotaura chete, uye nzira inogona kusimuka nzvimbo huru mukugadziridza kumwe. Chechipiri, kusimuka kudiki kunogona kusimudza kusimuka kwakanyanya kuipa kubva kutaundi kumwe kuenda kune rimwe. Chechitatu, mhedzisiro yedutu zvinofukidza nzvimbo huru pese pakati panogumira.

Heino muenzaniso. Mutsara wepakati unoyambuka hombekombe makiromita 80 (maira 50) kubva kutaundi rako. Chigadziridzo chinotevera chinohusimudza makiromita 40 (maira 25) kuswedera. Kusimuka, mvura, nemhepo yetaundi rako zvinogona kuva zvakanyanya kuipa zvikuru, kunyange mutsara uchiri kutaridzika uri kure.

Bvunza mibvunzo mitatu panzvimbo yeizvi¶

Pane kubvunza kwaachawira pakati, bvunza mibvunzo mitatu:

• Nzvimbo yangu iri mukati kana pedyo nekoni?
• Ndiri pasi pewatch, warning, kana signal?
• Kufanotaura kwesurge nemvura kunoreva chii kunzvimbo yangu?

Mibvunzo iyi ine mhinduro dzaunogona kuita.

Zvinokuratidzwa neadvisory yakanyorwa¶

Mepu inopa mufananidzo. Advisory yakanyorwa inopa nhamba. Verenga pamusoro peadvisory rimwe nerimwe kuti uone nzvimbo yedutu, nzira nekukurumidza kwekufamba, mhepo yakasimba zvikuru nemafungu, uye pressure yepakati.

Advisory inopawo wind radii, idzo ndiko distance kubva pakati apo mhepo ye34 knots (tropical storm force), 50 knots, ne64 knots (hurricane force) inotarisirwa. Distance idzi dzinokuratidza kuti mhepo yakasimba inosvika kure sei nepakati. Radius huru inoreva kuti mhepo yakasimba inogona kusvika kwauri kunyange pakati pachiri kure.

Forecast discussion, inouya neadvisory rimwe nerimwe, inotsanangura kuti nei vafanotauri vachitarisira zvavachitarisira. Verenga paunenge uchisarudza kana uchatiza kana kugara.

Kuti dzimwe nyika dzinodhirowa sei kufanotaura¶

Hofisi imwe neimwe yedunhu inoratidza nzira ingangoita, asi zvimiro nezvinorehwa zvinosiyana. Kana uchifamba, kana uchiverenga mepu kubva kune imwe nyika, tarisa tsananguro usati waishandisa.

Nekuti zvimiro zvakavakwa pamikana yakasiyana, denderedzwa reJMA nekoni yeNHC yeupamhi humwe hazvireve chinhu chimwe chete. Verenga tsananguro pamepu, uye uite zvinoreva nyevero dzenzvimbo yako.

Kana uchifamba¶

Vashanyi vanowanzoona mepu yakasiyana neiyo vanoziva kumba, saka shandisa mepu nenyevero kubva kuhofisi yekufanotaura mamiriro ekunze yenyika yauri. Tevera vakuru venharaunda yavo, uye ubvunze hotera kana vanokuchengeta kuti vanotevera nyevero dzipi. Chengeta mutsvairo iwoyo wepamutemo pafoni yako dutu risati rasvika, kuti uugone kuwana signal isina kusimba. Peji revashanyi nevafambi rine zvakawanda.

Kuwandei kufanotaura kunogadziridzwa¶

NHC inoburitsa advisory yakazara maawa matanhatu ega ega emadutu eAtlantic. Shandura nguva kuenda kunguva yako. Advisory rimwe nerimwe rine koni itsva, mhepo, watches newarnings, uye tsananguro yakanyorwa.

Kana watches kana warnings dziripo, NHC inoburitsa zvigadziridzo kakawanda, uye kakawanda zvikuru dutu richiswedera hombekombe. Dutu risati raumbwa, NHC inogona kutanga advisory ye"potential tropical cyclone" kusvika anenge maawa 72 mamiriro etropical storm kana hurricane asati asvika panyika.

Mahofisi mamwe anoburitsa muzvikamu zvakafanana, kazhinji kakawanda pazuva dutu richiswedera. Hofisi yako yekufanotaura mamiriro ekunze yenyika ichakuudza chirongwa chayo.

Chirongwa chakareruka chekutarisa¶

• Dutu riri mubhata, asi hapana nyevero inofukidza nzvimbo yako: tarisa kanenge kaviri pazuva.
• Watch, warning, kana signal iri pamusoro penzvimbo yako: tarisa pachigadziridzo chimwe nechimwe, kanenge kamwe pamaawa mashoma.
• Mhepo inogona kusvika mukati memaawa 24: tarisa danho rimwe nerimwe rauchaita, senge kubva pabasa, kuzadza mota mafuta, kana kufambisa mhuka.

Kufanotaura kunochinja. Nzira inogona kusimuka kwauri pakati pechigadziridzo chimwe nechinotevera. Usaita chimwe chinhu uchishandisa kufanotaura kwezuva rapfuura.

Mamwe kufanotaura ekutarisa¶

Koni inopindura mubvunzo mumwe chete. Kana dutu rikavhundutsa, kufanotaura ikoku kunobatsirawo. Zvizhinji zviri pawebhusaiti imwe chete.

• Nguva mhepo ichasvika. NHC inoburitsa mepu yenguva yekutanga ingangoita neinowanzoitika yekusvika kwemhepo ye tropical storm force. Nguva yekutanga ndiyo dheadhiraini yako yekupedza basa repanze uye kuenda kunzvimbo yekuvanda. Usamirira nguva inowanzoitika kuti utange.
• Mukana wemhepo yakasimba pakero yako. NHC inoratidzawo mukana wemhepo yetropical storm nehurricane force pakero mumazuva mashanu anotevera. Kunyange mukana mudiki unobatsira kugadzirira kana imba yako isina kusimba.
• Kusimuka kwemvura. MuUnited States, NHC inoburitsa mepu yemafashamo angangoitika ekusimuka kwemvura inoratidza kukwirira kwemvura pamusoro pevhu. Kumwe, hofisi yako yekufanotaura mamiriro ekunze yenyika inosanganisira surge munyevero yayo. Maepi aya anoratidza nzvimbo dzingangofashama, saka afananidze nenzvimbo yako yekutizira pane kufungidzira.
• Mvura nemafashamo. Hofisi yako yekufanotaura mamiriro ekunze yenyika inoburitsa kufanotaura kwemvura uye nyevero dzemafashamo. Mafashamo anogona kusvika kure kunze kwekoni, saka izvi zvinokosha zvikuru kune vanhu vemukati nevari mumakomo.
• Key messages. NHC nemahofisi mazhinji enyika anoburitsa rondedzero pfupi yezvinhu zvinokosha zvikuru zvedutu rimwe nerimwe. Verenga izvi kutanga kana uine nguva shoma.

Kuwana kufanotaura¶

Shandisa mabviro aya, nenzira iyi.

• Hofisi yako yekufanotaura mamiriro ekunze yenyika inoisa nyevero dzepamutemo dzenyika yako uye inopa rondedzero yenzvimbo: mhepo, mvura, nesurge inotarisirwa kunzvimbo yako. Maenzaniso anosanganisira PAGASA muPhilippines, India Meteorological Department, Bureau of Meteorology muAustralia, uye National Weather Service muUnited States. Peji rako rerubatsiro rwenharaunda rinotaura rako.
• Hofisi yedunhu yekufanotaura inotasva dutu kwegungwa rese: NHC yeAtlantic nePacific yekumabvazuva, Japan Meteorological Agency yePacific yekumadokero, India Meteorological Department yenorth Indian Ocean, neMétéo-France La Réunion yesouthwest Indian Ocean.
• Hofisi yako yedambudziko yenharaunda (guta, county, parish, municipality, district, kana department) inoburitsa mirairo yekutiza, ruzivo rwekuvanda, nemitemo yekusabuda nehusiku. Izwi ravo ndiro rekupedzisira pakuti unofanira kutiza here.
• Redhiyo nefirimu rekuburitswa renharaunda zvinopa rondedzero uye zvinokuchengeta uchiziva magetsi neinterneti adzimwa.

Kune rondedzero yakazara yemawebhusaiti epamutemo nedunhu, ona mhishi dzepamutemo dzehurricane.

Sataura manyepo nema spaghetti plots¶

Panguva yedutu, social media inozara nemifananidzo yemitsetse yemaruvara akawanda achipararira pamusoro pegungwa. Idzi dzinonzi spaghetti plots. Mutsetse mumwe nemumwe ndiwo mhedzisiro yemudheli mumwe wekombiyuta, uye dzinowanzogoverwa pasina mamiriro.

Mudheli mumwe chete umwe neumwe ndiwo midziyo yevafanotauri, kwete kufanotaura. Mamwe madheli anovimbika kupfuura mamwe. Vafanotauri vanotarisa ose, vachiyera zvinhu zvawakaita kare, uye vachiabatanidza kuita kufanotaura kwepamutemo, saka mutsetse mumwe wakananga kutaundi rako haureve zvakawanda pachawo.

Zvimwe chetezvo zvinoitika neskrinshoti yekufanotaura yemazuva gumi kudarika, mifungidziro kubva kuma account asingazivikanwi, uye zvinotaurwa nemunhu asiri hofisi yepamutemo yekufanotaura mamiriro ekunze. Kufanotaura kwepamutemo kune mabviro, nguva yakaiswa, tsananguro, uye discussion yakanyorwa. Kana chimwe chisipo, enda kumabviro epamutemo uye utarise.

Zvikanganiso zvinowanzoitika¶

• Kuverenga koni kunge saizi yedutu kana muganhu wenjodzi.
• Kumirira mutsara wepakati kuswedera usati wagadzirira. Mhepo nesurge dzinogona kutanga maawa pakati pachisati pasvika.
• Kuita zvinoratidzwa neskrinshoti yekare yakagoverwa nemunhu pasina nguva yakaiswa.
• Kushandisa maruvara enyika imwe pamepu yenyika imwe. Ruvara runoreva "gadzirira" muhurongwa humwe runogona kureva chimwe chinhu muhumwe.
• Kufungidzira kuti njodzi yapera nzira yakabva. Kusimuka kunogona kudzosa dutu kwauri pachigadziridzo chinotevera.

Nhungamiro dzinoenderana¶

• Hurricane watch ne-warning
• Ma-typhoon, ma-cyclone, nama-hurricane pasi rose
• Mhando dzemadutu zvakatsanangurwa
• Kuverenga kwemazuva kusvika kudutu: zvokuita kubva pamazuva mashanu kusvika pazuva rimwe chete
• Mhishi dzepamutemo dzehurricane